Abstract
It is well established that aberrant gene regulation by epigenetic mechanisms can develop as a result of pathological processes such as cancer. Methylation of CpG islands is an important component of the epigenetic code and a number of genes become abnormally methylated during tumorigenesis. Some bioactive food components have been shown to have cancer inhibition activities by reducing DNA hypermethylation of key cancer-causing genes through their DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibition properties. The dietary polyphenols, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) from green tea, genistein from soybean and possibly isothiocyanates from plant foods, are some examples of these bioactive food components modulated by epigenetic factors. The activity of cancer inhibition generated from dietary polyphenols is associated with gene reactivation through demethylation in the promoters of methylation-silenced genes such as p16INK4a and retinoic acid receptor β. The effects of dietary polyphenols such as EGCG on DNMTs appear to have their direct inhibition by interaction with the catalytic site of the DNMT1 molecule, and may also influence methylation status indirectly through metabolic effects associated with energy metabolism. Therefore, reversal of hypermethylation-induced inactivation of key tumor suppression genes by dietary DNMT inhibitors could be an effective approach to cancer prevention and therapy. In this analysis, we focus on advances in understanding the effects of dietary polyphenols on DNA methylation modulation during the process of cancer development, which will offer exciting new opportunities to explore the role of diet in influencing the biology of cancer and to understand the susceptibility of the human epigenome to dietary effects.
Keywords: Diet, Cancer prevention, DNMT, DNA methylation, EGCG, Genistein
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Impact on DNA Methylation in Cancer Prevention and Therapy by Bioactive Dietary Components
Volume: 17 Issue: 20
Author(s): Y. Li and T.O. Tollefsbol
Affiliation:
Keywords: Diet, Cancer prevention, DNMT, DNA methylation, EGCG, Genistein
Abstract: It is well established that aberrant gene regulation by epigenetic mechanisms can develop as a result of pathological processes such as cancer. Methylation of CpG islands is an important component of the epigenetic code and a number of genes become abnormally methylated during tumorigenesis. Some bioactive food components have been shown to have cancer inhibition activities by reducing DNA hypermethylation of key cancer-causing genes through their DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) inhibition properties. The dietary polyphenols, (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) from green tea, genistein from soybean and possibly isothiocyanates from plant foods, are some examples of these bioactive food components modulated by epigenetic factors. The activity of cancer inhibition generated from dietary polyphenols is associated with gene reactivation through demethylation in the promoters of methylation-silenced genes such as p16INK4a and retinoic acid receptor β. The effects of dietary polyphenols such as EGCG on DNMTs appear to have their direct inhibition by interaction with the catalytic site of the DNMT1 molecule, and may also influence methylation status indirectly through metabolic effects associated with energy metabolism. Therefore, reversal of hypermethylation-induced inactivation of key tumor suppression genes by dietary DNMT inhibitors could be an effective approach to cancer prevention and therapy. In this analysis, we focus on advances in understanding the effects of dietary polyphenols on DNA methylation modulation during the process of cancer development, which will offer exciting new opportunities to explore the role of diet in influencing the biology of cancer and to understand the susceptibility of the human epigenome to dietary effects.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Li Y. and Tollefsbol T.O., Impact on DNA Methylation in Cancer Prevention and Therapy by Bioactive Dietary Components, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2010; 17 (20) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986710791299966
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986710791299966 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Smoking and Hypertension: Independent or Additive Effects to Determining Vascular Damage?
Current Vascular Pharmacology Atypical Neurotransmitters and the Neurobiology of Depression
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Discovery of Anticoagulant Drugs: A Historical Perspective
Current Drug Discovery Technologies Chemical Constituents of the Genus Prunus and their Medicinal Properties
Current Medicinal Chemistry The Role of Statins for the Primary and Secondary Prevention of Coronary Heart Disease in Women
Current Pharmaceutical Design Assessment of Cardiac Performance with Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Current Cardiology Reviews Role of PPAR in Cardiovascular Diseases
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Perinatal Heart Programming: Long-term Consequences
Current Medicinal Chemistry Heart Disease in Patients with HIV/AIDS-An Emerging Clinical Problem
Current Cardiology Reviews Advanced Glycation End Products (AGEs) and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) in Diabetes
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Oxidative Stress and Antioxidative Enzyme Activities in Chronic Kidney Disease and Different Types of Renal Replacement Therapy
Current Protein & Peptide Science Pharmacotherapy of Obesity - Benefit, Bias and Hyperbole
Current Medicinal Chemistry Haptoglobin Phenotype Correlates with the Extent of Cerebral Deep White Matter Lesions in Hypertensive Patients
Current Neurovascular Research Cardiac Biomarkers in the Identification of Future Risk in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Pharmacological Drug Delivery Strategies for Improved Therapeutic Effects: Recent Advances
Current Pharmaceutical Design Sundowning Syndrome: A Possible Marker of Frailty in Alzheimer’s Disease?
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency: Disadvantages and Possible Benefits
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets The Importance of Selenium Biofortification in Food Crops
Current Nutrition & Food Science Free Radicals and Antioxidants: How to Reestablish Redox Homeostasis in Chronic Diseases?
Current Medicinal Chemistry Lipid Raft in Cardiac Health and Disease
Current Cardiology Reviews