Abstract
Background: Chitosan is an eminent biopolymer which has the -OH and -NH2 groups on its surface. Chitosan in its raw form has some limitations. Hence, to increase its efficiency for taking up the contaminants, it can be modified using different chemicals. Lead is the one amongst all toxic elements on the earth. Despite its toxicity, it is very much used in the industrial processes related to our daily life. As a consequence, lead is present in soil, water, and air.
Objective: This paper focuses on the reviewing of the research papers and patents published on the removal of lead from aqueous environment using modified form of chitosan. The reports which recently came up to make this polymer even more attractive to the researchers are also included in the present review paper.
Methods: The adsorption studies and patent technologies reported on lead removal using chitosan and its altered forms are explained in this study.
Conclusion: The simple alterations, either physical or chemical, in the structure of chitosan can bring the tremendous change in its properties. These changes can be applied in different fields for the benefit of the mankind and for environment. In the present review paper, adsorption of Pb2+ from aqueous solutions using chitosan and its derivatives has been extensively studied. It will be helpful in finding out the possibilities of preparation of new biocomposites by modification of chitosan.
Keywords: Adsorption, chitosan modification, lead, removal, toxicity, biopolymer.
Graphical Abstract
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