Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules are up-regulated on endothelial cells in human allografts, and are thought to be involved in graft rejection. The MHC class II subtypes HLA-DR, DQ and DP regulate T cell dependent immune responses, and aberrant expression could be important in autoimmunity. Increased endothelial MHC class II expression has been demonstrated in several autoimmune diseases, including myocarditis with dilated cardiomyopathy, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Recent data suggest that there is an association between endothelial expression of MHC class II molecules and diffuse endothelial dysfunction, which may be part of the explanation of the increased risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with RA, SLE and other chronic inflammatory conditions. MHC class II transcription is in part genetically determined. Cytokine induced up-regulation of MHC class II molecules can be inhibited in vitro by antioxidants and different drugs, such as cyclosporin and statins. Research on the development of new treatments for systemic autoimmune diseases and cardiovascular disease should include evaluation of effects on endothelial activation, including MHC class II expression. This review also discusses the genetic basis of MHC class II expression and its implications for understanding MHC genotype associations with autoimmune diseases. Recent studies of interactions between endothelial cells and T cells are reviewed. Such interactions could be of major importance in the pathogenesis of autoimmune and vascular diseases.
Keywords: major histocompatibility complex class II, endothelial cells, endothelial activation
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Endothelial Expression of MHC Class II Molecules in Autoimmune Disease
Volume: 10 Issue: 2
Author(s): Carl Turesson
Affiliation:
Keywords: major histocompatibility complex class II, endothelial cells, endothelial activation
Abstract: Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules are up-regulated on endothelial cells in human allografts, and are thought to be involved in graft rejection. The MHC class II subtypes HLA-DR, DQ and DP regulate T cell dependent immune responses, and aberrant expression could be important in autoimmunity. Increased endothelial MHC class II expression has been demonstrated in several autoimmune diseases, including myocarditis with dilated cardiomyopathy, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Recent data suggest that there is an association between endothelial expression of MHC class II molecules and diffuse endothelial dysfunction, which may be part of the explanation of the increased risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with RA, SLE and other chronic inflammatory conditions. MHC class II transcription is in part genetically determined. Cytokine induced up-regulation of MHC class II molecules can be inhibited in vitro by antioxidants and different drugs, such as cyclosporin and statins. Research on the development of new treatments for systemic autoimmune diseases and cardiovascular disease should include evaluation of effects on endothelial activation, including MHC class II expression. This review also discusses the genetic basis of MHC class II expression and its implications for understanding MHC genotype associations with autoimmune diseases. Recent studies of interactions between endothelial cells and T cells are reviewed. Such interactions could be of major importance in the pathogenesis of autoimmune and vascular diseases.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Turesson Carl, Endothelial Expression of MHC Class II Molecules in Autoimmune Disease, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2004; 10 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612043453414
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612043453414 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Secondary Prevention of Ischemic Stroke
Current Drug Targets The Vectorcardiogram and the Main Dromotropic Disturbances
Current Cardiology Reviews Beyond Adding Years to Life: Health-related Quality-of-life and Functional Outcomes in Patients with Severe Aortic Valve Stenosis at High Surgical Risk Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Current Cardiology Reviews Matrix Metallopropteinases in Heart Failure
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Common Variants for Heart Failure
Current Genomics Assessment of Cardiac Sympathetic Innervation in Heart Failure and Lethal Arrhythmias: Therapeutic and Prognostic Implications
Current Cardiology Reviews A Review on Novel Ligand Targeted Delivery for Cardiovascular Disorder
Current Drug Delivery The Role of Adipokines in Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease
Current Hypertension Reviews Common Comorbidities that Alter Heart Failure Prognosis - Shaping New Thinking for Practice
Current Cardiology Reviews Fetal Origins of Cardiovascular Disease
Current Cardiology Reviews Heat Shock Proteins: Mediators of Atherosclerotic Development
Current Drug Targets Use of Peripheral Blood Stem Cells in Tissue Engineering
Current Tissue Engineering (Discontinued) Use of Clinically Available PPAR Agonists for Heart Failure; Do the Risks Outweigh the Potential Benefits?
Current Molecular Pharmacology Genetics and Vaccines in the Era of Personalized Medicine
Current Genomics Heart Failure Modulates the Muscle Reflex
Current Cardiology Reviews Therapeutic Application of Endothelial Progenitor Cells for Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Positron Emitting Tracers in Pre-Clinical Drug Development
Current Radiopharmaceuticals Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases and the Role of Vitamins, and Herbal Extracts in the Reduction of Cardiovascular Risks
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Innovative Therapeutic Potential of Cannabinoid Receptors as Targets in Alzheimer’s Disease and Less Well-Known Diseases
Current Medicinal Chemistry Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Clinical Management of Hepatorenal Syndrome: From Classic to New Drugs
Current Vascular Pharmacology