Abstract
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common disease that is associated with an increased risk of vascular complications. The incidence of T2DM is also increasing. It follows that T2DM prevention is important. Methods: Relevant articles (review articles, randomised studies and large cohort and case-control studies) were identified through a Medline search (up to March 2005). Results: The first trials on T2DM prevention were based on lifestyle intervention. The results of these studies were impressive since they demonstrated that even a small reduction in weight could significantly reduce the incidence of T2DM. However, the main disadvantage of lifestyle measures is that they are difficult to achieve and sustain. Therefore, pharmacological interventions have also been evaluated. The results of trials using metformin, orlistat, nateglinide, acarbose, thiazolidinediones, hormone replacement therapy, statins or fibrates are either encouraging or require more extensive evaluation. In addition, studies using antihypertensive drugs (mainly angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists) showed that these drugs could also reduce the progression to T2DM in high risk individuals. Conclusions: T2DM has major quality of life and cost implications. Therefore, more research is needed to establish safe and cost effective ways to prevent this modern epidemic.
Keywords: Antihypertensive drugs, diabetes mellitus, impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, lifestyle modification, metabolic syndrome, prevention, statins
Current Drug Targets
Title: Preventing Type 2 Diabetes in High Risk Patients: An Overview of Lifestyle and Pharmacological Measures
Volume: 7 Issue: 2
Author(s): E. N. Liberopoulos, S. Tsouli, D. P. Mikhailidis and M. S. Elisaf
Affiliation:
Keywords: Antihypertensive drugs, diabetes mellitus, impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, lifestyle modification, metabolic syndrome, prevention, statins
Abstract: Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common disease that is associated with an increased risk of vascular complications. The incidence of T2DM is also increasing. It follows that T2DM prevention is important. Methods: Relevant articles (review articles, randomised studies and large cohort and case-control studies) were identified through a Medline search (up to March 2005). Results: The first trials on T2DM prevention were based on lifestyle intervention. The results of these studies were impressive since they demonstrated that even a small reduction in weight could significantly reduce the incidence of T2DM. However, the main disadvantage of lifestyle measures is that they are difficult to achieve and sustain. Therefore, pharmacological interventions have also been evaluated. The results of trials using metformin, orlistat, nateglinide, acarbose, thiazolidinediones, hormone replacement therapy, statins or fibrates are either encouraging or require more extensive evaluation. In addition, studies using antihypertensive drugs (mainly angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists) showed that these drugs could also reduce the progression to T2DM in high risk individuals. Conclusions: T2DM has major quality of life and cost implications. Therefore, more research is needed to establish safe and cost effective ways to prevent this modern epidemic.
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Cite this article as:
Liberopoulos N. E., Tsouli S., Mikhailidis P. D. and Elisaf S. M., Preventing Type 2 Diabetes in High Risk Patients: An Overview of Lifestyle and Pharmacological Measures, Current Drug Targets 2006; 7 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138945006775515419
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138945006775515419 |
Print ISSN 1389-4501 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-5592 |
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