艰难梭菌感染：化疗、放疗、靶向治疗联合

Title:Clostridium difficile Infection: Associations with Chemotherapy, Radiation Therapy, and Targeting Therapy Treatments

Volume: 23 Issue: 39

Author(s): Avi Peretz, Izhar Ben Shlomo, Orna Nitzan, Luigi Bonavina, Pmela M. Schaffer, Moshe Schaffer

Affiliation:

关键词: 难辨梭状芽孢杆菌，抗生素，化疗，放射治疗，靶向治疗，医院腹泻。

摘要: Background: Although mucositis, diarrhea, and constipation as well as immunosuppression are well recognized side-effects of cancer treatment, the underlying mechanisms including changes in the composition of gut microbiota and Clostridium difficile infection have not yet been thoroughly reviewed.

Objective: We herein set out to review the literature regarding the relations between cancer chemotherapy, radiation treatment, and Clostridium difficile-associated colitis.

Method: Review of the English language literature published from 2008 to 2015 on the association between cancer chemotherapy, radiation treatment, and C. difficile-associated colitis.

Results: Certain chemotherapeutic combinations, mainly those containing paclitaxel, are more likely to be followed by C. difficile infection (CDI), while some tumor types are more likely to be complicated by CDI following chemotherapy. CDI following irradiation occurs mostly in patients who were treated for cancer in the head and neck area. Risk factors found were proton pump inhibitors, antibiotics, cytostatic agents, and tube feeding. The drug of choice for an initial episode of mild-to-moderate CDI is metronidazole, whereas vancomycin is reserved for an initial episode of severe CDI. Fidaxomycin is another option for treatment of severe CDI, with fewer recurrences.

Conclusion: The influence of CDI on the treatment of oncological patients is not fully acknowledged. Infection with C. difficile is more frequent in those patients treated by antibiotics simultaneously with chemotherapy. Aggressive supportive care with intravenous hydration, antibiotics, and close surgical monitoring for selective intervention can significantly decrease the morbidity and life-threatening complications associated with this infection.

Cite this article as:

Avi Peretz, Izhar Ben Shlomo, Orna Nitzan, Luigi Bonavina, Pmela M. Schaffer, Moshe Schaffer , Clostridium difficile Infection: Associations with Chemotherapy, Radiation Therapy, and Targeting Therapy Treatments, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2016; 23 (39) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867323666161028162018