Abstract
Secretoneurin (SN) represents a 33 amino acid neuropeptide, which is highly conserved between mammals, reptiles, birds, amphibians and fish. It is specifically expressed in endocrine, neuroendocrine and neuronal tissues. In brain, the pattern of SN expression is widespread and unique, partially overlapping with established neurotransmitters. ProSN, the precursor protein, also named secretogranin II, belongs to a class of proteins collectively called chromogranins. Changes in ProSN mRNA, which is significantly regulated by cell depolarisation, represent a useful marker for both rapid and long-lasting changes (positive and negative) of neuronal activity. Under pathophysiological conditions, especially following cellular hypoxia, SN expression can be induced in non-endocrine tissues like muscle cells, pneumocytes or tumor epithelial cells. Several biological effects were attributed to SN. SN releases dopamine from rat striatal slices in a dose dependent manner and influences neurite outgrowth in the developing cerebellum. It potently and specifically attracts monocytes, eosinophils and endothelial cells towards a concentration gradient and acts as an angiogenic cytokine comparable in potency to VEGF. Thus, SN contributes to neurogenic inflammation and might play a role in the (hypoxia-driven) induction of neo-vascularisation in ischemic diseases like peripheral or coronary artery disease, diabetic retinopathia, cerebral ischemia or in solid tumors. The signalling pathways of various biological effects have not been identified in detail, but most data point to a G-protein coupled receptor structure with respective associated intracellular events.
Keywords: neuropeptide, angiogenesis, chromogranin, secretogranin, neurogenic inflammation, neuroendocrine
Current Protein & Peptide Science
Title: Secretoneurin: A New Player in Angiogenesis and Chemotaxis Linking Nerves, Blood Vessels and the Immune System
Volume: 6 Issue: 4
Author(s): Reiner Fischer-Colbrie, Rudolf Kirchmair, Christian M. Kahler, Christian J. Wiedermann and Alois Saria
Affiliation:
Keywords: neuropeptide, angiogenesis, chromogranin, secretogranin, neurogenic inflammation, neuroendocrine
Abstract: Secretoneurin (SN) represents a 33 amino acid neuropeptide, which is highly conserved between mammals, reptiles, birds, amphibians and fish. It is specifically expressed in endocrine, neuroendocrine and neuronal tissues. In brain, the pattern of SN expression is widespread and unique, partially overlapping with established neurotransmitters. ProSN, the precursor protein, also named secretogranin II, belongs to a class of proteins collectively called chromogranins. Changes in ProSN mRNA, which is significantly regulated by cell depolarisation, represent a useful marker for both rapid and long-lasting changes (positive and negative) of neuronal activity. Under pathophysiological conditions, especially following cellular hypoxia, SN expression can be induced in non-endocrine tissues like muscle cells, pneumocytes or tumor epithelial cells. Several biological effects were attributed to SN. SN releases dopamine from rat striatal slices in a dose dependent manner and influences neurite outgrowth in the developing cerebellum. It potently and specifically attracts monocytes, eosinophils and endothelial cells towards a concentration gradient and acts as an angiogenic cytokine comparable in potency to VEGF. Thus, SN contributes to neurogenic inflammation and might play a role in the (hypoxia-driven) induction of neo-vascularisation in ischemic diseases like peripheral or coronary artery disease, diabetic retinopathia, cerebral ischemia or in solid tumors. The signalling pathways of various biological effects have not been identified in detail, but most data point to a G-protein coupled receptor structure with respective associated intracellular events.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Fischer-Colbrie Reiner, Kirchmair Rudolf, Kahler M. Christian, Wiedermann J. Christian and Saria Alois, Secretoneurin: A New Player in Angiogenesis and Chemotaxis Linking Nerves, Blood Vessels and the Immune System, Current Protein & Peptide Science 2005; 6 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389203054546334
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389203054546334 |
Print ISSN 1389-2037 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5550 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advancements in Proteomic and Peptidomic Approaches in Cancer Immunotherapy: Unveiling the Immune Microenvironment
The scope of this thematic issue centers on the integration of proteomic and peptidomic technologies into the field of cancer immunotherapy, with a particular emphasis on exploring the tumor immune microenvironment. This issue aims to gather contributions that illustrate the application of these advanced methodologies in unveiling the complex interplay ...read more
Artificial Intelligence for Protein Research
Protein research, essential for understanding biological processes and creating therapeutics, faces challenges due to the intricate nature of protein structures and functions. Traditional methods are limited in exploring the vast protein sequence space efficiently. Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) offer promising solutions by improving predictions and speeding up ...read more
Nutrition and Metabolism in Musculoskeletal Diseases
The musculoskeletal system consists mainly of cartilage, bone, muscles, tendons, connective tissue and ligaments. Balanced metabolism is of vital importance for the homeostasis of the musculoskeletal system. A series of musculoskeletal diseases (for example, sarcopenia, osteoporosis) are resulted from the dysregulated metabolism of the musculoskeletal system. Furthermore, metabolic diseases (such ...read more
Protein Folding, Aggregation and Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation
Protein folding, misfolding and aggregation remain one of the main problems of interdisciplinary science not only because many questions are still open, but also because they are important from the point of view of practical application. Protein aggregation and formation of fibrillar structures, for example, is a hallmark of a ...read more
Related Journals
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Molecular Treatment of Different Breast Cancers
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Anti-Cancer Compounds Targeted to VDAC: Potential and Perspectives
Current Medicinal Chemistry Beta Caryophyllene and Caryophyllene Oxide, Isolated from Aegle Marmelos, as the Potent Anti-inflammatory Agents against Lymphoma and Neuroblastoma Cells
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Remodelling of the Ca2+ Toolkit in Tumor Endothelium as a Crucial Responsible for the Resistance to Anticancer Therapies
Current Signal Transduction Therapy MDM2 Inhibitors for Pancreatic Cancer Therapy
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Novel Therapeutic Strategies Against Cancer: Marine-derived Drugs May Be the Answer?
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry The Hydroxamic Acids as Potential Anticancer and Neuroprotective Agents
Current Medicinal Chemistry The ALK Gene, An Attractive Target for Inhibitor Development
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Defective HIF Signaling Pathway and Brain Response to Hypoxia in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Not an “Iffy” Question!
Current Pharmaceutical Design Inflammation: Beneficial or Detrimental After Spinal Cord Injury?
Recent Patents on CNS Drug Discovery (Discontinued) Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Health and Disease. Molecular and Therapeutic Approaches
Current Pharmaceutical Design Cytoskeletal Alterations that Confer Resistance to Anti-tubulin Chemotherapeutics
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Targets for Anti-metastatic Drug Development
Current Pharmaceutical Design NGR-based Strategies for Targeting Delivery of Chemotherapeutics to Tumor Vasculature
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Diversity and Variability of the Effects of Nicotine on Different Cortical Regions of the Brain. Therapeutic and Toxicological Implications
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Multidrug-Resistance (MDR) Proteins Develops Refractory Epilepsy Phenotype:Clinical and Experimental Evidences
Current Drug Therapy Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitors as Anticancer Drugs
Current Drug Targets Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels as Targets for the Treatment of Chronic Pain
Current Drug Targets - CNS & Neurological Disorders Induced Adaptive Resistance to Oxidative Stress in the CNS: A Discussion on Possible Mechanisms and Their Therapeutic Potential
Current Drug Metabolism Cardiovascular Effects of Neuregulin-1/ErbB Signaling: Role in Vascular Signaling and Angiogenesis
Current Pharmaceutical Design