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Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets

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ISSN (Print): 1871-5265
ISSN (Online): 2212-3989

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Research Article

Cotrimoxazole Prophylaxis is Not Associated with a Higher Occurrence of Atazanavir Treatment Failure: Analysis of Worldwide Pharmacovigilance Data

Author(s): Joe Miantezila Basilua* and Philippe Pochart

Volume 21, Issue 1, 2021

Published on: 20 December, 2019

Page: [55 - 59] Pages: 5

DOI: 10.2174/1871526520666191220112416

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Cotrimoxazole is the main antibiotic used in HIV-infected patients for the prophylaxis of opportunistic infections. This antibiotic is prescribed in patients receiving antiretroviral agents (ART) such as Atazanavir (ATV), a protease inhibitor used with other ART classes.

The objective of this study was to compare HIV treatment failure (HIVTF) in HIV-infected patients treated concomitantly with ATV and cotrimoxazole to those of patients treated only with ATV.

Materials and Methods: This is a comparative analysis of the safety data of HIVTF available with ATV in the WHO International Pharmacovigilance database "VigiBase®". We used the SMQ (Standardized MedDRA Querie) to identify all the terms corresponding to HIVTF. We presented results as a percentage or an adjusted Reporting Odds Ratio (aROR) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI).

Results: A total of 116 cases of HIVTF (2.2%) were reported with ATV among the 5196 individual case safety reports (ICSR) included in the analysis. The proportion of HIV-infected patients who presented ATV treatment failure (ATVTF) was lower (2.6%, 3/116) when cotrimoxazole was concomitant (aROR was 0.5 with a 95%CI from 0.2 to 1.7). Only 10 of 273 ICSRs (3.7%) were reported from Africa concerning the use of cotrimoxazole prophylaxis concomitantly with ATV.

Conclusion: This study did not show a higher occurrence of ATVTF when cotrimoxazole was concomitant. These results reinforce the place of concomitant use of ATV with cotrimoxazole in the management of HIV treatment.

Keywords: Cotrimoxazole, Atazanavir, HIV treatment failure, HIV drug resistance, pharmacovigilance, HIVTF, ATVTF.

Graphical Abstract

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