Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current Diabetes Reviews

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1573-3998
ISSN (Online): 1875-6417

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Mini-Review Article

Effects of Exercise on Circulating Muscle-related Cytokines in Adults with Type 2 Diabetes and/or Obesity

Author(s): Hidetaka Hamasaki*

Volume 19, Issue 7, 2023

Published on: 18 January, 2023

Article ID: e121222211873 Pages: 11

DOI: 10.2174/1573399819666221212145712

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Skeletal muscle is an endocrine organ that plays an important role in metabolic health by secreting a variety of myokines. Recent studies have shown that exercise significantly decreases interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). This paper explores the effect of chronic exercise on myokines in patients with T2D and/or obesity.

Methods: The author searched for relevant English-language articles in PubMed. A total of 14 randomized controlled studies were found to be eligible for this short review.

Results: It has been observed that chronic exercise does not change brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), irisin, and secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine levels, whereas it decreases TNF-α levels in patients with T2D. Combined aerobic exercise (AE) and resistance training (RT) or sprint interval training increase insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) levels and decrease IL-6 and IL-15 levels in patients with T2D. Combined AE and RT may also increase IL-15 levels in obese individuals. In addition, RT alone may increase BDNF, IGF-1, and IL-7 levels in overweight individuals. However, AE alone does not change circulating myokine levels in patients with T2D, while it may increase myonectin levels in obese individuals.

Conclusion: This short review demonstrated that exercise appears to have favorable effects on some myokines in patients with T2D and/or obesity. However, it remains inconclusive due to the heterogeneity in subject characteristics and exercise modalities.

Keywords: Exercise, aerobic exercise, resistance training, type 2 diabetes, obesity, myokine, skeletal muscle.

[1]
Hamasaki H. Interval exercise therapy for type 2 diabetes. Curr Diabetes Rev 2018; 14(2): 129-37.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573399812666161101103655] [PMID: 27804850]
[2]
Hamasaki H. What can hand grip strength tell us about type 2 diabetes?: mortality, morbidities and risk of diabetes. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2021; 16(5): 237-50.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17446651.2021.1967743] [PMID: 34402694]
[3]
Al-Ozairi E, Alsaeed D, Alroudhan D, et al. Skeletal muscle and metabolic health: How do we increase muscle mass and function in people with type 2 diabetes? J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021; 106(2): 309-17.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgaa835] [PMID: 33336682]
[4]
Severinsen MCK, Pedersen BK. Muscle-organ crosstalk: The emerging roles of myokines. Endocr Rev 2020; 41(4): 594-609.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/endrev/bnaa016] [PMID: 32393961]
[5]
Xing H, Lu J, Yoong SQ, Tan YQ, Kusuyama J, Wu XV. Effect of aerobic and resistant exercise intervention on inflammaging of type 2 diabetes mellitus in middle-aged and older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2022; 23(5): 823-830.e13.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2022.01.055] [PMID: 35183493]
[6]
Jandova T, Buendía-Romero A, Polanska H, et al. Long-term effect of exercise on irisin blood levels-systematic review and meta-analysis. Health care 2021; 9(11): 1438.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9111438] [PMID: 34828485]
[7]
Slate-Romano JJ, Yano N, Zhao TC. Irisin reduces inflammatory signaling pathways in inflammation-mediated metabolic syndrome. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2022; 552: 111676.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2022.111676] [PMID: 35569582]
[8]
Alizadeh Pahlavani H. Exercise therapy for people with sarcopenic obesity: Myokines and adipokines as effective actors. Front Endocrinol 2022; 13: 811751.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.811751] [PMID: 35250869]
[9]
Zunner BEM, Wachsmuth NB, Eckstein ML, et al. Myokines and resistance training: A narrative review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23(7): 3501.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23073501] [PMID: 35408868]
[10]
Avey AM, Baar K. Muscle-tendon cross talk during muscle wasting. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 321(3): C559-68.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00260.2021] [PMID: 34319830]
[11]
Das DK, Graham ZA, Cardozo CP. Myokines in skeletal muscle physiology and metabolism: Recent advances and future perspectives. Acta Physiol 2020; 228(2): e13367.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apha.13367] [PMID: 31442362]
[12]
Villar-Fincheira P, Sanhueza-Olivares F, Norambuena-Soto I, et al. Role of interleukin-6 in vascular health and disease. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8: 641734.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2021.641734] [PMID: 33786327]
[13]
Swift DL, Johannsen NM, Myers VH, et al. The effect of exercise training modality on serum brain derived neurotrophic factor levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes. PLoS One 2012; 7(8): e42785.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0042785] [PMID: 22880108]
[14]
Annibalini G, Lucertini F, Agostini D, et al. Concurrent aerobic and resistance training has anti-inflammatory effects and increases both plasma and leukocyte levels of IGF-1 in late middle-aged type 2 diabetic patients. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2017; 2017: 1-10.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3937842] [PMID: 28713486]
[15]
Miller EG, Sethi P, Nowson CA, Dunstan DW, Daly RM. Effects of progressive resistance training and weight loss versus weight loss alone on inflammatory and endothelial biomarkers in older adults with type 2 diabetes. Eur J Appl Physiol 2017; 117(8): 1669-78.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00421-017-3657-2] [PMID: 28597102]
[16]
Gonzalo-Encabo P, Maldonado G, Valadés D, Ferragut C, Pérez-López A. The role of exercise training on low-grade systemic inflammation in adults with overweight and obesity: A systematic review. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18(24): 13258.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413258] [PMID: 34948868]
[17]
Kim SD, Yeun YR. Effects of resistance training on C-reactive protein and inflammatory cytokines in elderly adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19(6): 3434.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19063434] [PMID: 35329121]
[18]
Rech A, Botton CE, Lopez P, Quincozes-Santos A, Umpierre D, Pinto RS. Effects of short-term resistance training on endothelial function and inflammation markers in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial. Exp Gerontol 2019; 118: 19-25.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2019.01.003] [PMID: 30611727]
[19]
Banitalebi E, Kazemi A, Faramarzi M, Nasiri S, Haghighi MM. Effects of sprint interval or combined aerobic and resistance training on myokines in overweight women with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial. Life Sci 2019; 217: 101-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lfs.2018.11.062] [PMID: 30508516]
[20]
Kim JS, Taaffe DR, Galvão DA, et al. Exercise in advanced prostate cancer elevates myokine levels and suppresses in-vitro cell growth. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2022; 25(1): 86-92.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41391-022-00504-x] [PMID: 35152272]
[21]
Songsorn P, Ruffino J, Vollaard NBJ. No effect of acute and chronic supramaximal exercise on circulating levels of the myokine SPARC. Eur J Sport Sci 2017; 17(4): 447-52.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2016.1266392] [PMID: 27996694]
[22]
Aoi W, Hirano N, Lassiter DG, et al. Secreted Protein Acidic And Rich In Cysteine (SPARC) improves glucose tolerance via AMP‐activated protein kinase activation. FASEB J 2019; 33(9): 10551-62.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fj.201900453R] [PMID: 31225998]
[23]
Porflitt-Rodríguez M, Guzmán-Arriagada V, Sandoval-Valderrama R, et al. Effects of aerobic exercise on fibroblast growth factor 21 in overweight and obesity. A systematic review. Metabolism 2022; 129: 155137.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155137] [PMID: 35038422]
[24]
Shabkhiz F, Khalafi M, Rosenkranz S, Karimi P, Moghadami K. Resistance training attenuates circulating FGF-21 and myostatin and improves insulin resistance in elderly men with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomised controlled clinical trial. Eur J Sport Sci 2021; 21(4): 636-45.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2020.1762755] [PMID: 32345132]
[25]
Tsai SH, Cheng HC, Liu HW. Effects of volume-matched resistance training with different loads on glycemic control, inflammation, and body composition in prediabetic older adults. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2021; 46(11): 1400-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2021-0355] [PMID: 34265211]
[26]
Miller EG, Nowson CA, Dunstan DW, Kerr DA, Menzies D, Daly RM. Effects of whey protein plus vitamin D supplementation combined with progressive resistance training on glycaemic control, body composition, muscle function and cardiometabolic risk factors in middle‐aged and older overweight/obese adults with type 2 diabetes: A 24‐week randomized controlled trial. Diabetes Obes Metab 2021; 23(4): 938-49.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/dom.14299] [PMID: 33369020]
[27]
Brunelli DT, Chacon-Mikahil MPT, Gáspari AF, et al. Combined training reduces subclinical inflammation in obese middle-age men. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2015; 47(10): 2207-15.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000000658] [PMID: 26378946]
[28]
Bonfante ILP, Chacon-Mikahil MPT, Brunelli DT, et al. Combined training, FNDC5/irisin levels and metabolic markers in obese men: A randomised controlled trial. Eur J Sport Sci 2017; 17(5): 629-37.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2017.1296025] [PMID: 28287024]
[29]
Pourranjbar M, Arabnejad N, Naderipour K, Rafie F. Effects of aerobic exercises on serum levels of myonectin and insulin resistance in obese and overweight women. J Med Life 2018; 11(4): 381-6.
[PMID: 30894898]
[30]
Dieli-Conwright CM, Courneya KS, Demark-Wahnefried W, et al. Effects of aerobic and resistance exercise on metabolic syndrome, sarcopenic obesity, and circulating biomarkers in overweight or obese survivors of breast cancer: A randomized controlled trial. J Clin Oncol 2018; 36(9): 875-83.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2017.75.7526] [PMID: 29356607]
[31]
Urzi F, Marusic U, Ličen S, Buzan E. Effects of elastic resistance training on functional performance and myokines in older women-a randomized controlled trial. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2019; 20(7): 830-834.e2.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2019.01.151] [PMID: 30902674]
[32]
Mahmoud N, Mohammadreza HA, Abdolhosein TK, Mehdi N, Arent SM. Serum myokine levels after linear and flexible non-linear periodized resistance training in overweight sedentary women. Eur J Sport Sci 2022; 22(4): 658-68.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17461391.2021.1895893] [PMID: 33655812]
[33]
Ward LJ, Nilsson S, Hammar M, et al. Resistance training decreases plasma levels of adipokines in postmenopausal women. Sci Rep 2020; 10(1): 19837.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-76901-w] [PMID: 33199796]
[34]
Bagheri R, Rashidlamir A, Ashtary-Larky D, et al. Effects of green tea extract supplementation and endurance training on irisin, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and adiponectin concentrations in overweight middle-aged men. Eur J Appl Physiol 2020; 120(4): 915-23.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00421-020-04332-6] [PMID: 32095935]
[35]
Kanaley JA, Colberg SR, Corcoran MH, et al. Exercise/physical activity in individuals with type 2 diabetes: A consensus statement from the american college of sports medicine. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2022; 54(2): 353-68.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000002800] [PMID: 35029593]
[36]
Bull FC, Al-Ansari SS, Biddle S, et al. World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Br J Sports Med 2020; 54(24): 1451-62.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2020-102955] [PMID: 33239350]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
37
2
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy