Title:Pharmacological Aspects of Neuro-Immune Interactions
VOLUME: 24 ISSUE: 1
Author(s): Vadim V. Tarasov*, Nikita V. Kudryashov, Vladimir N. Chubarev, Tatiana S. Kalinina, George E. Barreto, Ghulam Md Ashraf and Gjumrakch Aliev*
Affiliation:Department of Pharmacology of Pharmaceutical Faculty of I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Off.: 211, 8-2 Trubetskaya st., Moscow 119991, Department of Pharmacology of Pharmaceutical Faculty of I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Off.: 211, 8-2 Trubetskaya st., Moscow 119991, Department of Pharmacology of Pharmaceutical Faculty of I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Off.: 211, 8-2 Trubetskaya st., Moscow 119991, Federal State Budgetary Institution 'Research Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology, Baltiyskaya Str., 8, Moscow 125315, Departamento de Nutricion y Bioquimica, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogota D.C., King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, GALLY International Biomedical Research Consulting LLC., 7733 Louis Pasteur Drive, #330, San Antonio, TX, 78229
Keywords:Amantadine, amitriptyline, interferon, neurogenesis, neuro-immune interaction, oseltamivir, panavir, semax.
Abstract:The use of systematic approach for the analysis of mechanism of action of drugs at different levels of
biological organization of organisms is an important task in experimental and clinical pharmacology for drug
designing and increasing the efficacy and safety of drugs. The analysis of published data on pharmacological
effects of psychotropic drugs possessing immunomodulatory and/or antiviral properties have shown a correlation
between central effects of examined drugs associated with the impact on the processes of neurogenesis of adult
brain and survival of neurons, and their ability to alter levels of key proinflammatory cytokines. The changes that
occur as a result of the influence of pharmacological agents at one of the systems should inevitably lead to the
functional reorganization at another. Integrative mechanisms underlying the neuro-immune interactions may
explain the "pleiotropic" pharmacological effects of some antiviral and immunomodulatory drugs. Amantadine,
which was originally considered as an antiviral agent, was approved as anti-parkinsonic drug after its wide medical
use. The prolonged administration of interferon alpha caused depression in 30-45% of patients, thus limiting
its clinical use. The antiviral drug “Oseltamivir” may provoke the development of central side effects, including
abnormal behavior, delirium, impaired perception and suicides. Anti-herpethetical drug “Panavir” shows pronounced
neuroprotective properties. The purpose of this review is to analyze the experimental and clinical data
related to central effects of drugs with antiviral or/and immunotropic activity, and to discover the relationship of
these effects with changes in reactivity of immune system and proinflammatory response.
