Abstract
The Renin-Angiotensin-System (RAS) molecular network has been widely studied, especially with attention to angiotensin II, the main effector peptide among RAS. The relation of Ang II to hypertension pathogenesis has led to research being extended to other molecules from the RAS, such as angiotensin III and IV, angiotensin (1-5), and angiotensin (1-9). Moreover, great pharmacologic advances have been made in hypertension treatment by inhibiting renin and angiotensin converting enzymes and blocking the bonding of angiotensin II to its receptor AT1. Thus, RAS molecular signaling and its effect on blood pressure as well as its relationship to renal function and cardiovascular disease are still being investigated. It is a great challenge to fully cover and understand all molecules from the RAS, especially those that interfere with or have vasoactive properties. Some of these targets respond to exercise, stimulating nitric oxide synthesis and endothelial vasodilation. The activation of these specific molecules via exercise is a systematic way of controlling high blood pressure without pharmacological treatment. Angiotensin (1-7) has been focused due to its vasodilation properties and its responses to exercise, improving vascular function. Thus, stimulation of the ACE2/Ang (1-7)/Mas axis has been gaining ground as a prospective clinical means to attenuate cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension by modulating RAS activity. This review focuses on the vasoactive peptides from the RAS, their responses to exercise and possible trends for pharmacological development. In several cases where exercise training is not achievable, cardiovascular drug therapy with vasodilator peptides may possibly be an option.
Keywords: Angiotensin-(1-7), exercise, hypertension, pharmacology, renin-angiotensin-system.
Current Protein & Peptide Science
Title:Pharmacological Potential of Exercise and RAS Vasoactive Peptides for Prevention of Diseases
Volume: 14 Issue: 6
Author(s): Bernardo de Assis Petriz, Jeeser Alves de Almeida, Ludovico Migliolo and Octavio Luiz Franco
Affiliation:
Keywords: Angiotensin-(1-7), exercise, hypertension, pharmacology, renin-angiotensin-system.
Abstract: The Renin-Angiotensin-System (RAS) molecular network has been widely studied, especially with attention to angiotensin II, the main effector peptide among RAS. The relation of Ang II to hypertension pathogenesis has led to research being extended to other molecules from the RAS, such as angiotensin III and IV, angiotensin (1-5), and angiotensin (1-9). Moreover, great pharmacologic advances have been made in hypertension treatment by inhibiting renin and angiotensin converting enzymes and blocking the bonding of angiotensin II to its receptor AT1. Thus, RAS molecular signaling and its effect on blood pressure as well as its relationship to renal function and cardiovascular disease are still being investigated. It is a great challenge to fully cover and understand all molecules from the RAS, especially those that interfere with or have vasoactive properties. Some of these targets respond to exercise, stimulating nitric oxide synthesis and endothelial vasodilation. The activation of these specific molecules via exercise is a systematic way of controlling high blood pressure without pharmacological treatment. Angiotensin (1-7) has been focused due to its vasodilation properties and its responses to exercise, improving vascular function. Thus, stimulation of the ACE2/Ang (1-7)/Mas axis has been gaining ground as a prospective clinical means to attenuate cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension by modulating RAS activity. This review focuses on the vasoactive peptides from the RAS, their responses to exercise and possible trends for pharmacological development. In several cases where exercise training is not achievable, cardiovascular drug therapy with vasodilator peptides may possibly be an option.
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Petriz de Assis Bernardo, Almeida Alves de Jeeser, Migliolo Ludovico and Franco Luiz Octavio, Pharmacological Potential of Exercise and RAS Vasoactive Peptides for Prevention of Diseases, Current Protein & Peptide Science 2013; 14 (6) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/13892037113149990063
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/13892037113149990063 |
Print ISSN 1389-2037 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5550 |
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