Abstract
Neonatal diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure elicits a wide range of abnormalities in the female mouse genital tract. This animal model system is suitable for investigating the mechanism of DES syndrome in humans. Accumulated evidence has shown that critical periods in development are present for distinct and permanent alterations in the female genital tract of mice exposed to DES neonatally (DES-mice). These effects of DES and other estrogens are mainly mediated by estrogen receptor α (ERα) through multiple pathways. Induction of ERα by DES exposure in neonatal stromal and epithelial cells, and successive premature activation of estrogen-regulated genes are thought to be essential to induce the abnormalities. Induction of malformation, permanent changes in estrogen-regulated genes, such as protooncogenes and growth factors, and carcinogenesis are assumed to be interdependent. This review focuses the following topics to discuss the molecular basis of DES-induced abnormalities mainly based on the results by histochemical techniques in the uterus: spatiotemporal expression of ERa and coactivators, proteins relating morphogenesis, and estrogen-regulated protooncogenes and growth factors.
Keywords: Growth factors, Protooncogenes, Hox, Wnt, Angiogenesis, Estrogen receptors, Female reproductive tract, Diethylstilbestrol
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Expression of Estrogen-Regulated Genes During Development in the Mouse Uterus Exposed to Diethylstilbestrol Neonatally
Volume: 12 Issue: 12
Author(s): Shuji Yamashita
Affiliation:
Keywords: Growth factors, Protooncogenes, Hox, Wnt, Angiogenesis, Estrogen receptors, Female reproductive tract, Diethylstilbestrol
Abstract: Neonatal diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure elicits a wide range of abnormalities in the female mouse genital tract. This animal model system is suitable for investigating the mechanism of DES syndrome in humans. Accumulated evidence has shown that critical periods in development are present for distinct and permanent alterations in the female genital tract of mice exposed to DES neonatally (DES-mice). These effects of DES and other estrogens are mainly mediated by estrogen receptor α (ERα) through multiple pathways. Induction of ERα by DES exposure in neonatal stromal and epithelial cells, and successive premature activation of estrogen-regulated genes are thought to be essential to induce the abnormalities. Induction of malformation, permanent changes in estrogen-regulated genes, such as protooncogenes and growth factors, and carcinogenesis are assumed to be interdependent. This review focuses the following topics to discuss the molecular basis of DES-induced abnormalities mainly based on the results by histochemical techniques in the uterus: spatiotemporal expression of ERa and coactivators, proteins relating morphogenesis, and estrogen-regulated protooncogenes and growth factors.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Yamashita Shuji, Expression of Estrogen-Regulated Genes During Development in the Mouse Uterus Exposed to Diethylstilbestrol Neonatally, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2006; 12 (12) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161206776389840
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161206776389840 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Chemistry and Health Effects of Bioactive Compounds in Selected Culinary Aromatic Herbs
Current Nutrition & Food Science Aurora-B Kinase Inhibitors for Cancer Chemotherapy
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Deregulation of PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling Pathways by Isoflavones and its Implication in Cancer Treatment
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Computational Studies on the Histone Deacetylases and the Design of Selective Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Atopic Dermatitis in the Elderly
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Macrophage Activation Syndrome in Childhood Rheumatic Diseases
Current Rheumatology Reviews Intracellular and Extracellular miRNAs in Regulation of Angiogenesis Signaling
Current Angiogenesis (Discontinued) Possible Molecular Interactions of Bexarotene - A Retinoid Drug and Alzheimer's Aβ Peptide: A Docking Study
Current Alzheimer Research Histopathology, Immunohistochemistry and Molecular Biology of Follicular Epithelium-Derived Pediatric Thyroid Carcinomas
Current Pediatric Reviews HSP-Dependent Protection Against Gastrointestinal Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design BRCA Unclassified Variants: How Can They be Classified?
Current Women`s Health Reviews CXCR3 Axis: Role in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and its Therapeutic Implication
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Therapeutic Proteins in Tumors and Targeted Therapeutic Agents for Cancer Patients
Protein & Peptide Letters Standardization of Procedures for the Preparation of <sup>177</sup>Lu- and <sup>90</sup>Y-labeled DOTA-Rituximab Based on the Freeze-dried Kit Formulation
Current Radiopharmaceuticals Immunomodulatory Drugs: Immune Checkpoint Agents in Acute Leukemia
Current Drug Targets Thyroid Hormone Treatment for Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma: What Drug, How Long, What Dose?
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews Noxa: Role in Cancer Pathogenesis and Treatment
Current Cancer Drug Targets 177Lu-DOTA-Bevacizumab: Radioimmunotherapy Agent for Melanoma
Current Radiopharmaceuticals Biological Denitrification: Screening of Packing Material, Comparison of Denitrification Rate by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas stutzeri, Application and Design of Bioreactor
Current Environmental Engineering Preparation and Characterization of Bifunctional Nanoparticles of Vitamin E TPGS-emulsified PLGA-PEG-FOL Containing Deferasirox
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology-Asia