Abstract
Epicardial adipose tissue is not only a specific adipose tissue depot but also an active endocrine organ producing numerous substances with an important role in the development of obesity-related heart diseases. It is located between myocardium and visceral pericardium and consists predominantly of adipocytes, immunocompetent cells, ganglia and interconnecting nerve branches. Several studies documented a positive correlation between pericardial and epicardial fat and left ventricular hypertrophy and septal thickening, leading to diastolic dysfunction, electrocardiographic abnormalities and facilitating cardiac failure. The cellular cross-talks between epicardial fat and myocardium may include both the vasocrine and the paracrine mechanisms. Adipokines secreted from epicardial adipose tissue, vascular and stromal cells diffuse into interstitial fluid crossing the adventitia, media and intima and modulate cardiac function and cardiomyocyte phenotype and survival. In this article, we review the significance of epicardial adipose tissue and its association with cardiovascular diseases, cellular interactions between epicardial fat and myocardium, secretions of adipokines and inflammatory mediators and a potential of epicardial fat as a therapeutic target for the prevention of obesity-related heart diseases.
Keywords: Epicardial adipose tissue, cardiovascular risk, obesity, diabetes mellitus, inflammation, adipokines, cytokines.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:The Role of Inflammation in Epicardial Adipose Tissue in Heart Diseases
Volume: 24 Issue: 3
Author(s): Zdenek Matloch, Anna Cinkajzlova, Milos Mraz and Martin Haluzik*
Affiliation:
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague,Czech Republic
Keywords: Epicardial adipose tissue, cardiovascular risk, obesity, diabetes mellitus, inflammation, adipokines, cytokines.
Abstract: Epicardial adipose tissue is not only a specific adipose tissue depot but also an active endocrine organ producing numerous substances with an important role in the development of obesity-related heart diseases. It is located between myocardium and visceral pericardium and consists predominantly of adipocytes, immunocompetent cells, ganglia and interconnecting nerve branches. Several studies documented a positive correlation between pericardial and epicardial fat and left ventricular hypertrophy and septal thickening, leading to diastolic dysfunction, electrocardiographic abnormalities and facilitating cardiac failure. The cellular cross-talks between epicardial fat and myocardium may include both the vasocrine and the paracrine mechanisms. Adipokines secreted from epicardial adipose tissue, vascular and stromal cells diffuse into interstitial fluid crossing the adventitia, media and intima and modulate cardiac function and cardiomyocyte phenotype and survival. In this article, we review the significance of epicardial adipose tissue and its association with cardiovascular diseases, cellular interactions between epicardial fat and myocardium, secretions of adipokines and inflammatory mediators and a potential of epicardial fat as a therapeutic target for the prevention of obesity-related heart diseases.
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Cite this article as:
Matloch Zdenek , Cinkajzlova Anna , Mraz Milos and Haluzik Martin *, The Role of Inflammation in Epicardial Adipose Tissue in Heart Diseases, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2018; 24 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612824666180110102125
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612824666180110102125 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
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