Abstract
Objective: Myelin disruption is an important feature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) that contributes to impairment of neuronal circuitry and cognition. In this study we characterize myelin degradation in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s disease compared with normal aged controls. Methods: Myelin from patients with AD (n=13) was compared to matched controls (n=6). Myelin degradation was examined by immunohistochemistry in frontal white matter (WM) for intact myelin basic protein (MBP), degraded MBP, the presence of myelin lipid and for PAS staining. The relationship of myelin degradation and axonal injury was also assessed. Results: Brains from patients with AD had significant loss of intact MBP, and an increase in degraded MBP in periventricular WM adjacent to a denuded ependymal layer. In regions of myelin degradation, vesicles were identified that stained positive for degraded MBP, myelin lipid, and neurofilament but not for intact MBP. Most vesicles stained for PAS, a corpora amylacea marker. The vesicles were significantly more abundant in the periventricular WM of AD patients compared to controls (44.5±11.0 versus 1.7±1.1, p=0.02). Conclusion: In AD patients degraded MBP is associated in part with vesicles particularly in periventricular WM that is adjacent to areas of ependymal injury.
Keywords: Alzheimer’s, corpora amylacea, ependyma, myelin basic protein, myelin degradation.
Current Alzheimer Research
Title:Myelin Injury and Degraded Myelin Vesicles in Alzheimer’s Disease
Volume: 11 Issue: 3
Author(s): Xinhua Zhan, Glen C. Jickling, Bradley P. Ander, Dazhi Liu, Boryana Stamova, Christopher Cox, Lee-Way Jin, Charles DeCarli and Frank R. Sharp
Affiliation:
Keywords: Alzheimer’s, corpora amylacea, ependyma, myelin basic protein, myelin degradation.
Abstract: Objective: Myelin disruption is an important feature of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) that contributes to impairment of neuronal circuitry and cognition. In this study we characterize myelin degradation in the brains of patients with Alzheimer’s disease compared with normal aged controls. Methods: Myelin from patients with AD (n=13) was compared to matched controls (n=6). Myelin degradation was examined by immunohistochemistry in frontal white matter (WM) for intact myelin basic protein (MBP), degraded MBP, the presence of myelin lipid and for PAS staining. The relationship of myelin degradation and axonal injury was also assessed. Results: Brains from patients with AD had significant loss of intact MBP, and an increase in degraded MBP in periventricular WM adjacent to a denuded ependymal layer. In regions of myelin degradation, vesicles were identified that stained positive for degraded MBP, myelin lipid, and neurofilament but not for intact MBP. Most vesicles stained for PAS, a corpora amylacea marker. The vesicles were significantly more abundant in the periventricular WM of AD patients compared to controls (44.5±11.0 versus 1.7±1.1, p=0.02). Conclusion: In AD patients degraded MBP is associated in part with vesicles particularly in periventricular WM that is adjacent to areas of ependymal injury.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Zhan Xinhua, Jickling C. Glen, Ander P. Bradley, Liu Dazhi, Stamova Boryana, Cox Christopher, Jin Lee-Way, DeCarli Charles and Sharp R. Frank, Myelin Injury and Degraded Myelin Vesicles in Alzheimer’s Disease, Current Alzheimer Research 2014; 11 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205011666140131120922
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205011666140131120922 |
Print ISSN 1567-2050 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5828 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
New Advances in the Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Rehabilitation of Alzheimer's Disease
Aims and Scope: Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, with an increasing prevalence that demands concerted efforts to advance our understanding and strategies for prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. This thematic issue aims to bring together cutting-edge research and innovative approaches from multidisciplinary perspectives to address ...read more
Current updates on the Role of Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Disorders
Neuroinflammation is an invariable hallmark of chronic and acute neurodegenerative disorders and has long been considered a potential drug target for Alzheimer?s disease (AD) and dementia. Significant evidence of inflammatory processes as a feature of AD is provided by the presence of inflammatory markers in plasma, CSF and postmortem brain ...read more
Deep Learning for Advancing Alzheimer's Disease Research
Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, with an increasing number of individuals affected yearly. Deep learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence, has shown immense potential in various domains, including healthcare. This thematic issue of Current Alzheimer Research explores the application of deep learning techniques in advancing our ...read more
Diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers of dementia
Dementia affects 18 million people worldwide. Dementia is a syndrome of symptoms caused by brain disease, usually chronic or progressive, clinically characterized by multiple impairments of higher cortical functions such as memory, thinking, orientation, and learning. In addition, in the course of dementia, cognitive deficits are observed, which often hinder ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Inhibition of Brain Phospholipase A2 by Antimalarial Drugs: Implications for Neuroprotection in Neurological Disorders
Medicinal Chemistry Reviews - Online (Discontinued) TRPV1 Channel: A Potential Drug Target for Treating Epilepsy
Current Neuropharmacology Current Management of Neonatal Neuroblastoma
Current Pediatric Reviews GPR55 and its Interaction with Membrane Lipids: Comparison with Other Endocannabinoid-Binding Receptors
Current Medicinal Chemistry Medical Treatment of Symptomatic Diabetic Neuropathy
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) Biochemical Markers in CSF of ALS Patients
Current Medicinal Chemistry Multiple Hormonal Dysregulation as Determinant of Low Physical Performance and Mobility in Older Persons
Current Pharmaceutical Design From Axonal Transport to Mitochondrial Trafficking: What Can We Learn from Manganese-Enhanced MRI Studies in Mouse Models of Alzheimers Disease?
Current Medical Imaging Rationale for Development of New Oral Anticoagulants
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets Application of MALDI/SELDI Mass Spectrometry to Cancer Biomarker Discovery and Validation
Current Proteomics Cell-based Therapy for Ocular Disorders: A Promising Frontier
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy An update on Anti-inflammatory Compounds: A Review
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Targeting PPAR Isoforms Following CNS Injury
Current Drug Targets Therapeutic Antibodies for Spinal Cord Injury
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Chemotherapy Delivery Strategies to the Central Nervous System: neither Optional nor Superfluous
Current Cancer Drug Targets Past, Present and Future Therapeutics for Cerebellar Ataxias
Current Neuropharmacology Cell Therapy for Inner Ear Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design CAM Use in Pediatric Oncology
Current Pediatric Reviews Role of Mitochondrial Heat-shock Proteins and Immunophilins in Neuro Degenerative Diseases
Current Drug Targets Non-Selective Cation Channel Blockers: Potential Use in Nervous System Basic Research and Therapeutics
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry