DNA Repair in HIV-1 Infection: A Case for Inhibitors of Cellular Co-Factors?

Rene      Daniel

Abstract

At each step of its life-cycle, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) interacts with cellular proteins. In some cases, such as the cellular cytidine deaminase APOBEC3G, cellular proteins repress HIV-1 replication. In other cases, cellular proteins serve as essential co-factors, and inhibition of their function blocks HIV-1 replication. This review explores the opportunities for anti-HIV-1 therapy that stem from the recent discoveries that cellular proteins, which are involved in double-strand break DNA repair, are also required for completion of integration of HIV-1 DNA into host cell DNA.

Keywords: non-homologous end joining, post-integration repair, integration, ATR, ATM, DNA-PK, HIV-1

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