Abstract
γ δ T lymphocytes are involved in the defence from viral and mycobacterial infections; however they are also responsible for autoimmune reactions. Herein, we discuss the characteristics of these cells, focusing on the mechanism(s) underlying extravasation and tissue localization. We show that Vδ1 and Vδ2 γ δT cells display differential expression of adhesion molecules and chemokine receptors, the former being preferentially PECAM-1+CXCR4+, the latter expressing NKRP1A and CXCR3. The two cell populations transmigrate across endothelial cells by activation of distinct kinase pathways and in response to interferon-γ-inducing protein-10 (IP-10/CXCL10) or stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1/CXCL12) according to the expression of the specific receptors CXCR3 and CXCR4. IP-10/CXCL10 and SDF-1/CXCL12-induced transmigration are phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI-3K) and Akt/PKB-dependent. In addition, occupancy of CXCR3, but not of CXCR4, leads to CAMKII activation; blocking of CAMKII decreases IP-10/CXCL10 and 6Ckine/SLC/CCL21- driven transmigration. We report that HIV-1-infected patients have an increased number of circulating Vδ1 T cells possibly due to the interference of Tat protein on the function of chemokine receptors. In turn, patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS), display an increase in peripheral Vδ2 γ δ T cells and this is related to interleukin-12-mediated upregulation of NKRP1A. Finally, the possible role of γ δ T lymphocytes in post-transplantation immune reconstitution is discussed.
Keywords: γ δ T lymphocytes, Multiple Sclerosis, HIV-1, Migration, CAMKII, PI-3K, NKRP1A, PECAM1
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Adhesion Molecules and Kinases Involved in γ δ T Cells Migratory Pathways:Implications for Viral and Autoimmune Diseases
Volume: 14 Issue: 30
Author(s): Alessandro Poggi, Silvia Catellani, Daniela Fenoglio, Giovanna Borsellino, Luca Battistini and Maria Raffaella Zocchi
Affiliation:
Keywords: γ δ T lymphocytes, Multiple Sclerosis, HIV-1, Migration, CAMKII, PI-3K, NKRP1A, PECAM1
Abstract: γ δ T lymphocytes are involved in the defence from viral and mycobacterial infections; however they are also responsible for autoimmune reactions. Herein, we discuss the characteristics of these cells, focusing on the mechanism(s) underlying extravasation and tissue localization. We show that Vδ1 and Vδ2 γ δT cells display differential expression of adhesion molecules and chemokine receptors, the former being preferentially PECAM-1+CXCR4+, the latter expressing NKRP1A and CXCR3. The two cell populations transmigrate across endothelial cells by activation of distinct kinase pathways and in response to interferon-γ-inducing protein-10 (IP-10/CXCL10) or stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1/CXCL12) according to the expression of the specific receptors CXCR3 and CXCR4. IP-10/CXCL10 and SDF-1/CXCL12-induced transmigration are phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI-3K) and Akt/PKB-dependent. In addition, occupancy of CXCR3, but not of CXCR4, leads to CAMKII activation; blocking of CAMKII decreases IP-10/CXCL10 and 6Ckine/SLC/CCL21- driven transmigration. We report that HIV-1-infected patients have an increased number of circulating Vδ1 T cells possibly due to the interference of Tat protein on the function of chemokine receptors. In turn, patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS), display an increase in peripheral Vδ2 γ δ T cells and this is related to interleukin-12-mediated upregulation of NKRP1A. Finally, the possible role of γ δ T lymphocytes in post-transplantation immune reconstitution is discussed.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Poggi Alessandro, Catellani Silvia, Fenoglio Daniela, Borsellino Giovanna, Battistini Luca and Zocchi Raffaella Maria, Adhesion Molecules and Kinases Involved in γ δ T Cells Migratory Pathways:Implications for Viral and Autoimmune Diseases, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2007; 14 (30) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986707782793835
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986707782793835 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Introduction from Editor-in-Chief
Current Rheumatology Reviews Role of Leptin in the Immune System
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Oral Contraceptives and Autoimmune Diseases
Current Women`s Health Reviews A Review on Defects of Dendritic Cells in Common Variable Immunodeficiency
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Antioxidant Therapy for Prevention of Inflammation, Ischemic Reperfusion Injuries and Allograft Rejection
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Cosignaling Complexity Gets More Convoluted: The Emerging Importance of the B7-Like Butyrophilin Family of Immune Regulators
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Gluten-dependent Intestinal Autoimmune Response
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Role of Autophagy in Rheumatic Disease
Current Drug Targets Design, Synthesis and In Vitro Release Studies of Co-Drugs for Rheumatoid Arthritis
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Survival Factors from Activated Accessory Cells and their Role in Triggering Autoimmune Diseases
Current Medicinal Chemistry Mediators of Tyrosine Phosphorylation in Innate Immunity: From Host Defense to Inflammation onto Oncogenesis
Current Signal Transduction Therapy Novel Superactive Leptin Antagonists and their Potential Therapeutic Applications
Current Pharmaceutical Design Prebiotics and Probiotics in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Where are we now and where are we going?
Current Clinical Pharmacology History and Milestones of Mouse Models of Autoimmune Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design Molecular Genetics and Epidemiology of Japanese Type 1 Diabetes
Current Pharmacogenomics Anti-TNF-α Antibody Therapies in Autoimmune Diseases
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Conjugates of Cell Adhesion Peptides for Therapeutics and Diagnostics Against Cancer and Autoimmune Diseases
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry The Interleukin-17/Interleukin-22 Innate Axis in the Gut as a New Drug Target in Allergic-Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases. A Working Hypothesis
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T-Cell Therapy for Allergy, Autoimmune Disease and Transplant Rejection
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) CXXC5 Associates with Smads to Mediate TNF-α Induced Apoptosis
Current Molecular Medicine