Abstract
Background: Macrophages undergo polarization or activation in response to environmental stimuli, an essential process for proper immune response. Meanwhile, excessive activation of macrophages causes autoimmune diseases. It is therefore crucial to prevent over-activation of macrophage in order to maintain the proper immune response. Arginase 1 (Arg-1) plays a critical role in coordinating the immune response by regulating availability of arginine.
Objective: To understand the mechanism of Arg-1 regulation.
Methods: Real-time PCR and Western Blot analysis were utilized to examine the Arg-1 levels expressed from the VEGFR1-deleted and VEGFR1-TK-deficient bone marrowderived macrophages (BMDMs).
Results: The VEGFR1-mediated signaling suppressed IL-4-induced Arg-1 expression. Deletion of VEGFR1 resulted in elevated Arg-1 expression and the tyrosine kinase domain of VEGFR1 was required for the suppression. Each of three ligands of VEGFR1, VEGF-A, VEGF-B and PIGF, mediated the inhibition to the similar degree.
Conclusion: Our findings identified a novel function of the VEGFR1 signaling in avoiding over-expression of Arginase 1 potentially to maintain the proper innate immune response.
Keywords: Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1), interleukin 4 (IL-4), arginase 1 (Arg-1), macrophage, immune response.
Current Molecular Medicine
Title:VEGFR1 Signaling Regulates IL-4-Mediated Arginase 1 Expression in Macrophages
Volume: 17 Issue: 4
Author(s): Y. Zou, Q. Chen, Z. Ye, X. Li*R. Ju*
Affiliation:
- The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060,China
- The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060,China
Keywords: Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1), interleukin 4 (IL-4), arginase 1 (Arg-1), macrophage, immune response.
Abstract: Background: Macrophages undergo polarization or activation in response to environmental stimuli, an essential process for proper immune response. Meanwhile, excessive activation of macrophages causes autoimmune diseases. It is therefore crucial to prevent over-activation of macrophage in order to maintain the proper immune response. Arginase 1 (Arg-1) plays a critical role in coordinating the immune response by regulating availability of arginine.
Objective: To understand the mechanism of Arg-1 regulation.
Methods: Real-time PCR and Western Blot analysis were utilized to examine the Arg-1 levels expressed from the VEGFR1-deleted and VEGFR1-TK-deficient bone marrowderived macrophages (BMDMs).
Results: The VEGFR1-mediated signaling suppressed IL-4-induced Arg-1 expression. Deletion of VEGFR1 resulted in elevated Arg-1 expression and the tyrosine kinase domain of VEGFR1 was required for the suppression. Each of three ligands of VEGFR1, VEGF-A, VEGF-B and PIGF, mediated the inhibition to the similar degree.
Conclusion: Our findings identified a novel function of the VEGFR1 signaling in avoiding over-expression of Arginase 1 potentially to maintain the proper innate immune response.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Zou Y., Chen Q. , Ye Z. , Li X.*, Ju R. *, VEGFR1 Signaling Regulates IL-4-Mediated Arginase 1 Expression in Macrophages, Current Molecular Medicine 2017; 17 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1566524017666171106114537
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1566524017666171106114537 |
Print ISSN 1566-5240 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5666 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Disrupting Acetyl-lysine Interactions: Recent Advance in the Development of BET Inhibitors
Current Drug Targets Editorial (Thematic Issues: Heads Or Tails: Betting On CD6 As a Resurged Target For Autoimmune Diseases and Sepsis)
Current Drug Targets Interleukin-7: a key Mediator in T Cell-driven Autoimmunity, Inflammation, and Tissue Destruction
Current Pharmaceutical Design Diagnosis of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in an Unusual Presentation: What a Primary Care Physician Should Know
Current Rheumatology Reviews Cell-based Tolerogenic Therapy, Experience from Animal Models of Multiple Sclerosis, Type 1 Diabetes and Rheumatoid Arthritis
Current Pharmaceutical Design MICA Gene and Relevance to Immune Responses in Organ Transplants and Inflammatory, Tumoral and Autoimmune Diseases
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Methotrexate: A Drug of the Future in Ulcerative Colitis?
Current Drug Targets Osteopontin; as a Target Molecule for the Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases
Current Drug Targets New Insights on the Possible Role of Mast Cells in Aspirin-Induced Asthma
Current Molecular Pharmacology Colon as Target for Drug Delivery
Current Drug Therapy Synthetic Glycolipid Ligands for Human iNKT Cells as Potential Therapeutic Agents for Immunotherapy
Current Medicinal Chemistry HLA-G and Inflammatory Diseases
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Chronic Immune Stimulation Correlates with Reduced Phenylalanine Turnover
Current Drug Metabolism The Role of Anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a in Regulating Innate and Adaptive Immune Responses
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Gene Therapy for Immunologic Tolerance: Using Bone Marrow-Derived Cells to Treat Autoimmunity and Hemophilia
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Histamine H4 Receptor: A Novel Therapeutic Target for Immune and Allergic Responses
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Deaza Analogs of Folic Acid as Antitumor Agents
Current Pharmaceutical Design Endothelial Expression of MHC Class II Molecules in Autoimmune Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design B Lymphocytes, Potent Antigen Presenting Cells for Preferential Expansion of Allo-Reactive FoxP3+ CD4 Regulatory T Cells
Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery Lysophospholipid Receptors as Potential Drug Targets in Tissue Transplantation and Autoimmune Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design