Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current HIV Research

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1570-162X
ISSN (Online): 1873-4251

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Research Article

Genetic Diversity and Drug Resistance of HIV-1 CRF55_01B in Guangdong, China

Author(s): Guolong Yu*, Yan Li, Xuhe Huang, Pingping Zhou, Jin Yan, Xinge Yan, Xiaobing Fu, Yang Fang, Jun Liu, Jie Li, Xiang He and Peng Lin

Volume 18, Issue 3, 2020

Page: [210 - 218] Pages: 9

DOI: 10.2174/1570162X18666200415140652

open access plus

Abstract

Background: HIV-1 CRF55_01B was first reported in 2013. At present, no report is available regarding this new clade’s polymorphisms in its functionally critical regions protease and reverse transcriptase.

Objective: To identify the diversity difference in protease and reverse transcriptase between CRF55_01B and its parental clades CRF01_AE and subtype B; and to investigate CRF55_01B’s drug resistance mutations associated with the protease inhibition and reverse transcriptase inhibition.

Methods: HIV-1 RNA was extracted from plasma derived from a MSM population. The reverse transcription and nested PCR amplification were performed following our in-house PCR procedure. Genotyping and drug resistant-associated mutations and polymorphisms were identified based on polygenetic analyses and the usage of the HIV Drug Resistance Database, respectively.

Results: A total of 9.24 % of the identified CRF55_01B sequences bear the primary drug resistance. CRF55_01B contains polymorphisms I13I/V, G16E and E35D that differ from those in CRF01_AE. Among the 11 polymorphisms in the RT region, seven were statistically different from CRF01_AE’s. Another three polymorphisms, R211K (98.3%), F214L (98.3%), and V245A/E (98.3 %.), were identified in the RT region and they all were statistically different with that of the subtype B. The V179E/D mutation, responsible for 100% potential low-level drug resistance, was found in all CRF55_01B sequences. Lastly, the phylogenetic analyses demonstrated 18 distinct clusters that account for 35% of the samples.

Conclusion: CRF55_01B’s pol has different genetic diversity comparing to its counterpart in CRF55_01B’s parental clades. CRF55_01B has a high primary drug resistance presence and the V179E/D mutation may confer more vulnerability to drug resistance.

Keywords: CRF55_01B, genetic diversity, drug resistance mutations, MSM, CRF01_AE, B subtype.

« Previous Next »
Graphical Abstract

Animated Abstract
[1]
Xiuying YE. A HIV Positinve Case reports from foreign student. Guangdong Disease Control and Prevention 1987; 4: 1-3.
[2]
The Guangdong province held the World AIDS Day theme campaign 2018.. http://www.gdwst.gov.cn/P-c/Index/search_show/t/all/id/18755.html
[3]
Qian S, Guo W, Xing J, et al. Diversity of HIV/AIDS epidemic in China: a result from hierarchical clustering analysis and spatial autocorrelation analysis. AIDS 2014; 28(12): 1805-13.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0000000000000323] [PMID: 24906111]
[4]
Huang MB, Ye L, Liang BY, et al. Characterizing the HIV/AIDS Epidemic in the United States and China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2015; 13(30) e13010030
[5]
The reports of Aids control and prevention of Guangdong province 2013.. http://www.gdwst.go-v.cn/Pc/Index/search_show/t/all/id/11105.html
[6]
Zhou PP, Yu G, Kuang YQ, et al. Rapid and complicated HIV genotype expansion among high-risk groups in Guangdong Province, China. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19(1): 185.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-019-3788-7] [PMID: 30795762]
[7]
Yin Y, Liu Y, Zhu J, et al. The prevalence, temporal trends, and geographical distribution of HIV-1 subtypes among men who have sex with men in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Epidemiol Infect 2019; 147 e83
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0950268818003400] [PMID: 30869019]
[8]
Liu JH, Cheng WB, Xu HF, et al. [Prevention effectiveness of the “Internet Plus-based AIDS Comprehensive Prevention Service System” among MSM in Guangzhou: a dynamic model of infectious disease]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2019; 40(10): 1227-33.
[PMID: 31658522]
[9]
Han X, An M, Zhang M, et al. Identification of 3 distinct HIV-1 founding strains responsible for expanding epidemic among men who have sex with men in 9 Chinese cities. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2013; 64(1): 16-24.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0b013e3182932210] [PMID: 23542640]
[10]
Santoro MM, Perno CF. HIV-1 Genetic Variability and Clinical Implications. ISRN Microbiol 2013; 2013 481314
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/481314] [PMID: 23844315]
[11]
Robertson DL, Anderson JP, Bradac JA, et al. HIV-1 Nomenclature Proposal: A Reference Guide to HIV-1 Classification 1999.. https://www.hiv.lanl.gov/content/sequence/HIV/REVIEWS/nomenclature/Nomen.html
[12]
Chang W, Zhang M, Ren Q, et al. HIV-1 genetic diversity and recombinant forms among men who have sex with men at a sentinel surveillance site in Xi’an City, China. Infect Genet Evol 2020; 81 104257
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2020.104257] [PMID: 32087346]
[13]
He X, Xing H, Ruan Y, et al. Group for HIV Molecular Epidemiologic Survey. A comprehensive mapping of HIV-1 genotypes in various risk groups and regions across China based on a nationwide molecular epidemiologic survey. PLoS One 2012; 7(10) e47289
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0047289] [PMID: 23056619]
[14]
Feng Y, Takebe Y, Wei H, et al. Geographic origin and evolutionary history of China’s two predominant HIV-1 circulating recombinant forms, CRF07_BC and CRF08_BC. Sci Rep 2016; 6: 19279.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep19279] [PMID: 26763952]
[15]
Li Y, Feng Y, Li F, et al. Genome Sequence of a Novel HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Form (CRF79_0107) Identified from Shanxi, China. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2017; 33(10): 1056-60.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/aid.2017.0066] [PMID: 28557610]
[16]
Han X, An M, Zhang W, et al. Genome Sequences of a Novel HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Form (CRF59_01B) Identified among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Northeastern China. Genome Announc 2013; 1(3): 3.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/genomeA.00315-13] [PMID: 23792741]
[17]
Han X, An M, Zhang W, et al. Genome Sequences of a Novel HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Form, CRF55_01B, Identified in China. Genome Announc 2013; 1(1): 1.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/genomeA.00050-12] [PMID: 23405298]
[18]
Su L, Graf M, Zhang Y, et al. Characterization of a virtually full-length human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genome of a prevalent intersubtype (C/B′) recombinant strain in China. J Virol 2000; 74(23): 11367-76.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.74.23.11367-11376.2000] [PMID: 11070037]
[19]
Li X, Ning C, He X, et al. Genome Sequences of a Novel HIV-1 Circulating Recombinant Form (CRF61_BC) Identified among Heterosexuals in China. Genome Announc 2013; 1(3): e00326-13.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/genomeA.00326-13] [PMID: 23814029]
[20]
Feng Y, Wei H, Hsi J, et al. Identification of a novel HIV Type 1 circulating recombinant form (CRF65_cpx) composed of CRF01_AE and subtypes B and C in Western Yunnan, China. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2014; 30(6): 598-602.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/aid.2013.0233] [PMID: 24279591]
[21]
Zhang C, Feng Y, Gao L, et al. Genetic characterization and recombinant history of a novel HIV-1 circulating recombinant form (CRF101_01B) identified in Yunnan, China. Infect Genet Evol 2019; 73: 109-12.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2019.04.024] [PMID: 31028881]
[22]
Yang Y, Zhao XP, Zou HC, et al. Phylogenetic and temporal dynamics of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC among recently infected antiretroviral therapy-naïve men who have sex with men in Jiangsu province, China, 2012 to 2015: A molecular epidemiology-based study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97(6) e9826
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000009826] [PMID: 29419684]
[23]
Zheng MN, Ning TL, Zhou N, et al. [Transmitted drug resistance among HIV infected men who have sex with men in Tianjin, 2014-2017]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2018; 39(5): 619-24.
[PMID: 29860805]
[24]
Zhao J, Cai W, Zheng C, et al. Origin and outbreak of HIV-1 CRF55_01B among MSM in Shenzhen, China. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2014; 66(3): e65-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000000144] [PMID: 24662297]
[25]
Chen M, Jia MH, Ma YL, et al. The changing HIV-1 genetic characteristics and transmitted drug resistance among recently infected population in Yunnan, China. Epidemiol Infect 2018; 146(6): 775-81.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0950268818000389] [PMID: 29534773]
[26]
Guan X, Han M, Li Z, et al. HIV-1 genetic diversity and transmitted drug resistance among newly diagnosed HIV-1 individuals in Jiangmen, China. J Med Virol 2020. Epub ahead of print
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25741] [PMID: 32115719]
[27]
Hu WS, Temin HM. Retroviral recombination and reverse transcription. Science 1990; 250(4985): 1227-33.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1700865] [PMID: 1700865]
[28]
Hemelaar J. Implications of HIV diversity for the HIV-1 pandemic. J Infect 2013; 66(5): 391-400.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2012.10.026] [PMID: 23103289]
[29]
Holguín A, Suñe C, Hamy F, Soriano V, Klimkait T. Natural polymorphisms in the protease gene modulate the replicative capacity of non-B HIV-1 variants in the absence of drug pressure. J Clin Virol 2006; 36(4): 264-71.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcv.2006.05.001] [PMID: 16765636]
[30]
Harrigan PR, Sheen CW, Gill VS, et al. Silent mutations are selected in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase and affect enzymatic efficiency. AIDS 2008; 22(18): 2501-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/QAD.0b013e328318f16c] [PMID: 19005273]
[31]
Liao L, Xing H, Li X, et al. Genotypic analysis of the protease and reverse transcriptase of HIV type 1 isolates from recently infected injecting drug users in western China. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2007; 23(8): 1062-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/aid.2007.0050] [PMID: 17725425]
[32]
Leung KS, To SW, Chen JH, Siu GK, Chan KC, Yam WC. Molecular Characterization of HIV-1 Minority Subtypes in Hong Kong: A Recent Epidemic of CRF07_BC among the Men who have Sex with Men Population. Curr HIV Res 2019; 17(1): 53-64.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570162X17666190530081355] [PMID: 31142258]
[33]
Chen M, Yang L, Ma Y, et al. Emerging variability in HIV-1 genetics among recently infected individuals in Yunnan, China. PLoS One 2013; 8(3) e60101
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0060101] [PMID: 23555898]
[34]
Yu G, Li Y, Li J, et al. Genetic diversity and drug resistance of HIV type 1 circulating recombinant Form_BC among drug users in Guangdong Province. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2009; 25(9): 869-75.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/aid.2008.0312] [PMID: 19698024]
[35]
Han X, Zhang M, Dai D, et al. Genotypic resistance mutations to antiretroviral drugs in treatment-naive HIV/AIDS patients living in Liaoning Province, China: baseline prevalence and subtype-specific difference. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2007; 23(3): 357-64.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/aid.2006.0094] [PMID: 17411368]
[36]
Xiao P, Zhou Y, Lu J, et al. HIV-1 genotype diversity and distribution characteristics among heterosexually transmitted population in Jiangsu province, China. Virol J 2019; 16(1): 51.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12985-019-1162-4] [PMID: 31023323]
[37]
Shafer RW, Warford A, Winters MA, Gonzales MJ. Reproducibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) protease and reverse transcriptase sequencing of plasma samples from heavily treated HIV-1-infected individuals. J Virol Methods 2000; 86(2): 143-53.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0166-0934(00)00144-0] [PMID: 10785289]
[38]
Hall TA. BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT. Nucleic Acids Symp Ser 1999; 41: 95-8.
[39]
Tamura K, Peterson D, Peterson N, Stecher G, Nei M, Kumar S. MEGA5: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods. Mol Biol Evol 2011; 28(10): 2731-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msr121] [PMID: 21546353]
[40]
Han ZG, Zhang YL, Wu H, et al. [Prevalence of drug resistance in treatment-naive HIV infected men who have sex with men in Guangzhou, 2008-2015]. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2018; 39(7): 977-82.
[PMID: 30060315]
[41]
Rhee SY, Gonzales MJ, Kantor R, Betts BJ, Ravela J, Shafer RW. Human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase and protease sequence database. Nucleic Acids Res 2003; 31(1): 298-303.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkg100] [PMID: 12520007]
[42]
Richman D, Shih CK, Lowy I, et al. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 mutants resistant to nonnucleoside inhibitors of reverse transcriptase arise in tissue culture. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1991; 88(24): 11241-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.88.24.11241] [PMID: 1722324]
[43]
Parkin NT, Gupta S, Chappey C, Petropoulos CJ. The K101P and K103R/V179D mutations in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase confer resistance to nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2006; 50(1): 351-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AAC.50.1.351-354.2006] [PMID: 16377709]
[44]
Zhang Z, Xu W, Koh YH, et al. A novel nonnucleoside analogue that inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates resistant to current nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2007; 51(2): 429-37.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AAC.01032-06] [PMID: 17116677]
[45]
Mutation Prevalence According to Subtype and Treatment. HIV Drug Resistance Database, Stanford University. Available from:. https://hivdb.stanford.edu/cgi-bin/MutPrevBySub-typeRx.cgi
[46]
Liu Y, Li H, Wang X, et al. Natural presence of V179E and rising prevalence of E138G in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase in CRF55_01B viruses. Infect Genet Evol 2020; 77 104098
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.meegid.2019.104098] [PMID: 31678241]
[47]
Auwanit W, Isarangkura-Na-Ayuthaya P, Kasornpikul D, Ikuta K, Sawanpanyalert P, Kameoka M. Detection of drug resistance-associated and background mutations in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 CRF01_AE protease and reverse transcriptase derived from drug treatment-naive patients residing in central Thailand. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2009; 25(6): 625-31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/aid.2008.0298] [PMID: 19500016]
[48]
Kantor R, Katzenstein DA, Efron B, et al. Impact of HIV-1 subtype and antiretroviral therapy on protease and reverse transcriptase genotype: results of a global collaboration. PLoS Med 2005; 2(4) e112
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.0020112] [PMID: 15839752]
[49]
Gatanaga H, Ode H, Hachiya A, Hayashida T, Sato H, Oka S. Combination of V106I and V179D polymorphic mutations in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase confers resistance to efavirenz and nevirapine but not etravirine. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010; 54(4): 1596-602.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AAC.01480-09] [PMID: 20124001]
[50]
Han X, Takebe Y, Zhang W, et al. A Large-scale Survey of CRF55_01B from Men-Who-Have-Sex-with-Men in China: implying the Evolutionary History and Public Health Impact. Sci Rep 2015; 5: 18147.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep18147] [PMID: 26667846]
[51]
Tambuyzer L, Nijs S, Daems B, Picchio G, Vingerhoets J. Effect of mutations at position E138 in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase on phenotypic susceptibility and virologic response to etravirine. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2011; 58(1): 18-22.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0b013e3182237f74] [PMID: 21637112]
[52]
Michael NL. Host genetic influences on HIV-1 pathogenesis. Curr Opin Immunol 1999; 11(4): 466-74.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0952-7915(99)80078-8] [PMID: 10448150]
[53]
Telenti A. Host polymorphism in steps of the HIV-1 lifecycle after entry and other genetic variants influencing HIV-1 pathogenesis. Curr Opin HIV AIDS 2006; 1(3): 232-40.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.COH.0000221598.79906.12] [PMID: 19372815]
[54]
Wu Y, Ren X, Yin D, et al. Characterization of a novel HIV-1 unique recombinant form between CRF07_BC and CRF55_01B in men who have sex with men in Guangzhou, China. PLoS One 2017; 12(4) e0175770
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0175770] [PMID: 28403241]
[55]
Zhang D, Wu J, Zhang Y, et al. Genetic characterization of HIV-1 epidemic in Anhui Province, China. Virol J 2020; 17(1): 17.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12985-020-1281-y] [PMID: 32014042]
[56]
Shang H, Xu J, Han X, Spero Li J, Arledge KC, Zhang L. HIV prevention: Bring safe sex to China. Nature 2012; 485(7400): 576-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/485576a] [PMID: 22660303]
[57]
Ning Z, Fu J, Zhuang M, et al. HIV and syphilis epidemic among MSM and non-MSM aged 50 and above in Shanghai, China: A yearly cross-sectional study, 2008-2014. Glob Public Health 2018; 13(11): 1625-33.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2018.1427271] [PMID: 29419357]
[58]
Sun X, Wang C, Zhao K, et al. HIV Seroconversion and Types of Relationships Among Men Who Have Sex With Men: A Cohort Study in China. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2020; 83(4): 365-72.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/QAI.0000000000002264] [PMID: 31913999]
[59]
Zhang Y, Liang B, Liu D, et al. Migrant female sex workers working at the Sino-Vietnamese border for a short time have a higher risk of HIV transmission: a consecutive cross-sectional study. AIDS Res Ther 2020; 17(1): 4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12981-020-0260-0] [PMID: 32033564]
[60]
Fan S, Yang Z, Hou F, et al. HIV and syphilis and sexual risk behaviours among men who have sex with men attending university in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sex Health 2019; 16(6): 554-65.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/SH18231] [PMID: 31570116]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
75
5
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy