Abstract
Vitamin D and in particular its biologically most active metabolite, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1α,25(OH)2D3), are central endocrine molecules that influence many aspects of human physiology, which are not only the well-known calcium and phosphorus up-take and transport controlling bone formation, but also the control of immune functions and of cellular growth and differentiation. Basically all actions of 1α,25(OH)2D3 are mediated by the transcription factor vitamin D receptor (VDR). The crystal structure of the VDR and detailed knowledge on its molecular interactions with the ligand provide significant insight into the mechanisms of vitamin D signaling. This applies also on the action of the huge number of synthetic 1α,25(OH)2D3 analogues, which have been developed with the goal of a therapeutic application in hyper-proliferative diseases, such as psoriasis, benign prostate hyperplasia and different types of cancer, in immune functions, such as autoimmune diseases and microbial infections, or in bone disorders, such as osteoporosis. Moreover, detailed investigations on many VDR target genes and in particular the recently available genome-wide view on vitamin D signaling allows a more complete view on the potential of the nuclear hormone. In this review we discuss the latest insight into vitamin D signaling in context with the most prominent 1α,25(OH)2D3 analogues.
Keywords: Crystal structure, gene regulation, genome-wide view, nuclear receptor, vitamin D, vitamin D analogues, vitamin D receptor, central endocrine molecules, transport controlling bone formation, osteoporosis, nuclear hormone, vitamin D signaling
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Current Status of Vitamin D Signaling and Its Therapeutic Applications
Volume: 12 Issue: 6
Author(s): Carsten Carlberg and Ferdinand Molnar
Affiliation:
Keywords: Crystal structure, gene regulation, genome-wide view, nuclear receptor, vitamin D, vitamin D analogues, vitamin D receptor, central endocrine molecules, transport controlling bone formation, osteoporosis, nuclear hormone, vitamin D signaling
Abstract: Vitamin D and in particular its biologically most active metabolite, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1α,25(OH)2D3), are central endocrine molecules that influence many aspects of human physiology, which are not only the well-known calcium and phosphorus up-take and transport controlling bone formation, but also the control of immune functions and of cellular growth and differentiation. Basically all actions of 1α,25(OH)2D3 are mediated by the transcription factor vitamin D receptor (VDR). The crystal structure of the VDR and detailed knowledge on its molecular interactions with the ligand provide significant insight into the mechanisms of vitamin D signaling. This applies also on the action of the huge number of synthetic 1α,25(OH)2D3 analogues, which have been developed with the goal of a therapeutic application in hyper-proliferative diseases, such as psoriasis, benign prostate hyperplasia and different types of cancer, in immune functions, such as autoimmune diseases and microbial infections, or in bone disorders, such as osteoporosis. Moreover, detailed investigations on many VDR target genes and in particular the recently available genome-wide view on vitamin D signaling allows a more complete view on the potential of the nuclear hormone. In this review we discuss the latest insight into vitamin D signaling in context with the most prominent 1α,25(OH)2D3 analogues.
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Cite this article as:
Carlberg Carsten and Molnar Ferdinand, Current Status of Vitamin D Signaling and Its Therapeutic Applications, Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2012; 12 (6) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156802612799436623
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156802612799436623 |
Print ISSN 1568-0266 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4294 |
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