Abstract
The role of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in the pathogenesis of the Acquired Immune-Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is changed. Direct HIV-mediated killing of CD4+ T cells is not the only mechanism leading to lymphocyte depletion. There is increasing evidence that, during the chronic phases of infection, T cell activation, accelerated cell turnover, and cytokines imbalance induce the so-called cell cycle dysregulation (CCD). CCD is a recently discovered immune-pathogenic mechanism that mainly induces the depletion of both CD4+ and CD8+ uninfected T cells. It is due to a significant perturbation of protein metabolism as ubiquitin pathway defects of protein degradation are associated with an increased and unscheduled expression of cyclin B and p34 cdc kinase. Moreover, significant changes in the nucleolar structure and post-translational regulation of nucleolin have also been described. As modulation of CCD by anti-retroviral and immune-therapies has been suggested to predict a good immunological response in HIV-infected patients, a better understanding of such a mechanism is needed in order to further clarify its role in the pathogenesis and progression of HIV infection.
Keywords: Cell cycle dysregulation, cyclin B, apoptosis, HIV infection
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: New Insights on the Perturbations of T Cell Cycle During HIV Infection
Volume: 14 Issue: 18
Author(s): Domenico Galati and Marialuisa Bocchino
Affiliation:
Keywords: Cell cycle dysregulation, cyclin B, apoptosis, HIV infection
Abstract: The role of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in the pathogenesis of the Acquired Immune-Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is changed. Direct HIV-mediated killing of CD4+ T cells is not the only mechanism leading to lymphocyte depletion. There is increasing evidence that, during the chronic phases of infection, T cell activation, accelerated cell turnover, and cytokines imbalance induce the so-called cell cycle dysregulation (CCD). CCD is a recently discovered immune-pathogenic mechanism that mainly induces the depletion of both CD4+ and CD8+ uninfected T cells. It is due to a significant perturbation of protein metabolism as ubiquitin pathway defects of protein degradation are associated with an increased and unscheduled expression of cyclin B and p34 cdc kinase. Moreover, significant changes in the nucleolar structure and post-translational regulation of nucleolin have also been described. As modulation of CCD by anti-retroviral and immune-therapies has been suggested to predict a good immunological response in HIV-infected patients, a better understanding of such a mechanism is needed in order to further clarify its role in the pathogenesis and progression of HIV infection.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Domenico Galati and Marialuisa Bocchino , New Insights on the Perturbations of T Cell Cycle During HIV Infection, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2007; 14 (18) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986707781368559
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986707781368559 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Undermining Tumor Angiogenesis by Gene Therapy: An Emerging Field
Current Gene Therapy Prophylaxis of Cancer
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews Searching for Artemisinin Production Improvement in Plants and Microorganisms
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology The Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathway in Autism
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets A Stress Repair Mechanism That Maintains Vertebrate Structure During Stress
Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders-Drug Targets In-vitro Studies on α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase and Aldose Reductase Inhibitors found in Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Ocimum sanctum
Current Enzyme Inhibition Umbilical Cord Tissue Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Characterization and Clinical Applications
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy A Summary of Electrospun Nanofibers as Drug Delivery System: Drugs Loaded and Biopolymers Used as Matrices
Current Drug Delivery Patent Selections
Recent Patents on Biomedical Engineering (Discontinued) Neurodegenerative Diseases and Flavonoids: Special Reference to Kaempferol
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Neurogenesis and Sensorimotor Gating: Bridging a Microphenotype and an Endophenotype
Current Molecular Medicine Interfering with Hedgehog Pathway: New Avenues for Targeted Therapy in Rhabdomyosarcoma
Current Drug Targets Infringement of the Barriers of Cancer Via Dietary Phytoconstituents Capsaicin Through Novel Drug Delivery System
Current Drug Delivery Promising Protective Effects of Chrysin in Cardiometabolic Diseases
Current Drug Targets Genetically Engineered Elastin-based Biomaterials for Biomedical Applications
Current Medicinal Chemistry Current Trends and Future Strategies for the Global Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic
Coronaviruses Immunology Behind Tumors: A Mini Review
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews Advances in Peptide Pharmaceuticals
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Investigation of in Vitro Release Dynamics of Cisplatin from Genipin Crosslinked Gelatin Nanocarriers
Drug Delivery Letters Replication Origins and Timing of Temporal Replication in Budding Yeast: How to Solve the Conundrum?
Current Genomics