Abstract
The environmental impact as well as malnutrition are responsible for an increased incidence of inflammatory diseases with a consequential loss of immune homeostasis. Therefore, administration of nutraceuticals is aimed at reconstituting the immune balance in terms of the so-called immune nutrition. Among many known nutraceuticals, more recently, donkeys and goats milks have been used as good alternatives to human and bovine milk in various clinical conditions such as allergy, atopy and inflammatory diseases. In fact, both milks possess immunomodulating capacities and release nitric oxide, a potent vasodilator endowed with anti-atherogenic properties. In this review, emphasis will be placed on the consumption of fermented milk and, in particular, on its ability to modulate the aged immune system, even including the intestinal mucosal immune response in elderly. Therefore, for their specific properties donkeys and goats milk administration to aged people should be encouraged.
Keywords: Donkey, goat, immune response, milk, nitric oxide, probiotics
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Donkeys and Goats Milk Consumption and Benefits to Human Health with Special Reference to the Inflammatory Status
Volume: 16 Issue: 7
Author(s): F. Jirillo, E. Jirillo and T. Magrone
Affiliation:
Keywords: Donkey, goat, immune response, milk, nitric oxide, probiotics
Abstract: The environmental impact as well as malnutrition are responsible for an increased incidence of inflammatory diseases with a consequential loss of immune homeostasis. Therefore, administration of nutraceuticals is aimed at reconstituting the immune balance in terms of the so-called immune nutrition. Among many known nutraceuticals, more recently, donkeys and goats milks have been used as good alternatives to human and bovine milk in various clinical conditions such as allergy, atopy and inflammatory diseases. In fact, both milks possess immunomodulating capacities and release nitric oxide, a potent vasodilator endowed with anti-atherogenic properties. In this review, emphasis will be placed on the consumption of fermented milk and, in particular, on its ability to modulate the aged immune system, even including the intestinal mucosal immune response in elderly. Therefore, for their specific properties donkeys and goats milk administration to aged people should be encouraged.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Jirillo F., Jirillo E. and Magrone T., Donkeys and Goats Milk Consumption and Benefits to Human Health with Special Reference to the Inflammatory Status, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2010; 16 (7) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161210790883688
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161210790883688 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Chitosan: A Propitious Biopolymer for Drug Delivery
Current Drug Delivery The Role of Asymmetric Dimethylarginine (ADMA) in Endothelial Dysfunction and Cardiovascular Disease
Current Cardiology Reviews MiRNA-29: A microRNA Family with Tumor-Suppressing and Immune-Modulating Properties
Current Molecular Medicine The Contribution of Transcriptomics to Biomarker Development in Systemic Vasculitis and SLE
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Cardiovascular Nutrapharmacology of Resveratrol: Pharmacokinetics, Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential
Current Medicinal Chemistry Contextualizing Genetics for Regional Heart Failure Care
Current Cardiology Reviews Assessment of COVID-19 Treatment Advised in Different Ethnic Populations
Current Drug Safety Muscle Metabolism and Exercise Capacity in Cachexia
Current Pharmaceutical Design Thyroid Hormones Crosstalk with Growth Factors: Old Facts and New Hypotheses
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) A Focus on Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1) Inhibitors
Current Medicinal Chemistry Antidiabetic Potential of Fabaceae Family: An Overview
Current Nutrition & Food Science Polyphenols: Potential Future Arsenals in the Treatment of Diabetes
Current Pharmaceutical Design Medicinal Research Progress of Natural Coumarin and its Derivatives
The Natural Products Journal Recent U.S. Patents on Protein Drug Formulation: 2000-2007
Recent Patents on Drug Delivery & Formulation COVID-19 Severity: Lung-Heart Interplay
Current Cardiology Reviews Advances in Clinical Study of Curcumin
Current Pharmaceutical Design Editorial (Thematic Issue: Experimental Pharmacological Targets for the Treatment of Cardiac Arrhythmias: Beyond the Vaughn-Williams Classification)
Current Medicinal Chemistry STAT3 Activation in Circulating Monocytes Contributes to Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Current Molecular Medicine Protecting the Heart: Biological Targets and Clinical Strategies
Current Pharmaceutical Design Modulation of Inflammation as a Way of Delaying Alzheimer's Disease Progression: The Diet's Role
Current Alzheimer Research