Abstract
Flow quantification with magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is an established method for assessing patients with a variety of cardiovascular diseases, particularly valvular heart disease and congenital heart disease. This chapter reviews basic MR physics and clinical applications for flow quantification, from one-directional flowsensitive MR to time-resolved, three-directional flow-sensitive MR.
Keywords: MR Flow, phase contrast, flow quantification, 4D flow MR, congenital heart disease, valvular heart disease.
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