From SARS-CoV to MARS-CoV

History of SARS-CoV

Author(s): Muhammad Zeeshan Iqbal, Muhammad Bilal Bin Majeed, Muhammad Saeed, Muhammad Safdar, Kashif Rahim, Firasat Hussain, Hamid Majeed and Umair Younas * .

Pp: 1-26 (26)

DOI: 10.2174/9789815274943124010003

* (Excluding Mailing and Handling)

Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is a viral disease of the respiratory system with zoonotic importance. It was initially reported in Southern China (province: Guangdong) in mid-November (2002). This disease showed a viral spread to more than thirty countries belonging to five different continents and infected 8098 people, out of which 774 died. The emergence of SARS has been found to be due to human-animal contact. SARS-CoV is not harmful in children, and there is no vertical transmission from mothers to newborns. In pediatric age groups, no death has been reported. Most SARS autopsies cases showed extensive spleen and white pulp necrosis with severe depletion of lymphocytes. The genomic sequence of SARS-CoV is detected through RT-PCR in some specimens of the brain and cerebral spinal fluid. The pathogenesis of SARS is very complex as multiple factors are involved. With the prevalence of SARS-CoV, many diseases are associated with and cause damage to different organs and systems of the body. Some strategies that can help treat SARSCoV are host-directed therapies, the use of antibiotics, inhibitors of viral and host proteases, and interferons. The World Health Organization (WHO) issued an alert on 12th March 2003 about new deadly infectious diseases globally. After three days, the WHO named these diseases SARS. China, Singapore, Taiwan, and Hong Kong were the most severely affected areas. 


Keywords: China, History, SARS, WHO.

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