Generic placeholder image

Current Nutrition & Food Science

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1573-4013
ISSN (Online): 2212-3881

Research Article

Evaluation of α-amylase Inhibition and Cytotoxic Activities of the Arachis hypogaea and Cinnamomum tamala

Author(s): Deedarul H. Sani, Ali N. Munna, Md. Jahangir Alam, Mohammad Salim and Md. Jahangir Alam*

Volume 17, Issue 3, 2021

Published on: 28 July, 2020

Page: [328 - 336] Pages: 9

DOI: 10.2174/1573401316999200728183434

Price: $65

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is the most occurring non-communicable disease resulting in a high blood glucose level. There has been an immense interest in the development of alternative medicines for diabetes treatment, specifically screening functional foods for phytochemicals with the capability of delaying or preventing glucose absorption through digestive enzymes (e.g. α-amylase) inhibition. So, the development of α-amylase inhibitors derived from natural food products is an alternative way to prevent diabetes mellitus.

Objective: In this study, organic solvent extracts of the Arachis hypogaea (Peanut) and Cinnamomum tamala (Indian bay leaf/Tejpata) were used to investigate their potential α-amylase inhibition and cytotoxic activities through α-amylase inhibition assay and brine shrimp lethality bioassay respectively.

Methods: The α-amylase inhibition assay was performed using the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid method for different concentrations of plant extracts. The optical density (OD) of the solutions were measured to determine the inhibition activity at 540 nm using a spectrophotometer. The cytotoxicity of the plant extracts was measured using brine shrimp (Artemia salina) lethality bioassay.

Results: Among the different organic solvent extracts, peanut seed ethanol extract showed the highest α-amylase inhibition activity (67.68±8.67%) at 1.25 μg/mL concentration with an IC50 value of 0.61 μg/mL which is very close to standard α-amylase inhibitor Acarbose (72.34±4.23%) with an IC50 value of 0.32 μg/mL while acetone extract of Indian bay leaf exhibited the lowest inhibition activity (47.75±1.63%) with an IC50 value of 1.42 μg/mL at the same concentration. Besides, the maximum cytotoxic activity was found in acetone extract of peanut shell with an LC50 value of 57.87 μg/mL, whereas ethanol extract of peanut seed showed the lowest cytotoxicity with an LC50 value of 413.90 μg/mL.

Conclusion: The result of the present work clearly indicates the potentiality of peanut seed ethanol extract to be used in the management of hyperglycemia as it significantly inhibits α-amylase activity while showing less cytotoxic activities.

Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, antidiabetic activity, α-amylase, cytotoxicity, Arachis hypogaea, Cinnamomum tamala, acarbose.

Graphical Abstract
[1]
Uddin N, Hasan MR, Hossain MM, et al. In vitro α-amylase inhibitory activity and in vivo hypoglycemic effect of methanol extract of Citrus macroptera Montr. fruit. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2014; 4(6): 473-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.12980/APJTB.4.2014C1173] [PMID: 25182949]
[2]
Cooke DW, Plotnick L. Type 1 diabetes mellitus in pediatrics. Pediatr Rev 2008; 29(11): 374-84.
[3]
Klil-Drori AJ, Azoulay L, Pollak MN. Cancer, obesity, diabetes, and antidiabetic drugs: is the fog clearing? Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2017; 14(2): 85-99.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrclinonc.2016.120] [PMID: 27502359]
[4]
Wu L, Zhu J, Prokop LJ, Murad MH. Pharmacologic therapy of diabetes and overall cancer risk and mortality: a meta-analysis of 265 studies. Sci Rep 2015; 5: 10147.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep10147] [PMID: 26076034]
[5]
Narkhede MB. Investigation of In vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of polyherbal extract. Int J Pharm Res Dev 2011; 3: 97-103.
[6]
Sama K, Murugesan K, Sivaraj R. In vitro alpha amylase and alpha glucosidase inhibition activity of crude ethanol extract of Cissus arnottiana. Asian J Plant Sci Res 2012; 2(4): 550-3.
[7]
Babu V, Gangadevi T, Subramoniam A. Anti-hyperglycaemic activity of Cassia kleinii leaf extract in glucose fed normal rats and alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Indian J Pharmacol 2002; 34(6): 409-15.
[8]
Han R, Han P, Cai Z, Zhao Z, Tang M. Kinetics and isotherms of neutral red adsorption on peanut husk. J Environ Sci (China) 2008; 20(9): 1035-41.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1001-0742(08)62146-4] [PMID: 19143308]
[9]
Duh P-D, Yen G-C. Changes in antioxidant activity and components of methanolic extracts of peanut hulls irradiated with ultraviolet light. Food Chem 1995; 54(2): 127-31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0308-8146(94)00148-X]
[10]
Yu Y, Gao F, Deng X, Pu X, Zhang M, Pang Y. Inhibitory effect of polyphenol extracts from peanut shells on the activity of pancreatic α-amylase activity in vitro. J Food Agric Environ 2013; 11(2): 38-42.
[11]
Chakraborty U, Das H. Antidiabetic and antioxidant activities of Cinnamomum tamala leaf extracts in Stz-treated diabetic rats. Global J Biotechnol Biochem 2010; 5(1): 12-8.
[12]
Safithri M, Sari YP, Eds. Inhibition of α-glucosidase activity by ethanolic extract of Melia azedarach L. leaves. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science.
[13]
Bhutkar MA, Bhinge SD, Randive DS, Wadkar GH, Todkar SS. In vitro studies on alpha amylase inhibitory activity of some indigenous plants. Mod Appl Pharm Pharmacol 2018; 2018: 1-5.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.31031/MAPP.2018.01.000518]
[14]
Meyer B, Ferrigni N, Putnam J, Jacobsen L, Nichols Dj, McLaughlin JL. Brine shrimp: a convenient general bioassay for active plant constituents. Planta Med 1982; 45(05): 31-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-971236]
[15]
Gopa P, Ragunath C, Vyas V, Shanmugam M, Ramasubbu N. Probing the interaction of human salivary alpha-amylase and amylase binding protein A (ABPA) of streptococcus gordonii. Mol Biol 2013; 2:
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2168-9547.1000111]
[16]
Agarwal P, Gupta R. Alpha-amylase inhibition can treat diabetes mellitus. Res Rev J Med Health Sci 2016; 5: 1-8.
[17]
Akter F, Jahan N, Sultana N. Effect of peanut (Arachis ypogaea L.) on fasting blood glucose and Hba1c in alloxan induced diabetic male rats. J Bangladesh Soc Physiol 2014; 9(2): 48-53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v9i2.22796
[18]
Çelik T, Aslantürk Ö. Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of Lavandula stoechas aqueous extracts. Biologia 2007; 62(3): 292-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11756-007-0051-2]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy