Abstract
Recent gene profiling studies have identified at least 5 major subtypes of breast cancer, including normal type, luminal A type, luminal B type, human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)-2 positive type, and basal-like type. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), showing no or low expressions of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR), and HER2, considered important clinical biomarkers, accounts for 10% to 20% of all breast cancers. Hormonal therapy and molecular targeted therapy are not indicated for the management of TNBC, resulting in poor outcomes. Because TNBC lacks clear-cut therapeutic targets, effective treatment strategies remain to be established. However, TNBC is known to share similar biologic characteristics with basal-like type breast cancer and is often accompanied by loss of functional BRCA, a gene-modifying enzyme. Breast cancer with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations is accompanied by activation of the enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). PARP, a DNA base-excision repair enzyme, is known to play a central role in gene repair, along with BRCA. Because some breast cancers with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations are TNBC, the suppression of PARP has attracted attention as a new treatment strategy for TNBC. In this article, we review the clinical characteristics of TNBC, discuss problems in treatment, and briefly summarize the international development status of PARP inhibitors.
Keywords: BRCA, Breast cancer, DNA base-excision repair, PARP, PARP inhibitors, Triple-negative breast cancer
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry
Title:Triple-negative Breast Cancer and Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors
Volume: 12 Issue: 6
Author(s): Youngjin Park, Ayako Moriyama, Tomoaki Kitahara, Yutaka Yoshida, Tasuku Urita and Ryoji Kato
Affiliation:
Keywords: BRCA, Breast cancer, DNA base-excision repair, PARP, PARP inhibitors, Triple-negative breast cancer
Abstract: Recent gene profiling studies have identified at least 5 major subtypes of breast cancer, including normal type, luminal A type, luminal B type, human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER)-2 positive type, and basal-like type. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), showing no or low expressions of estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR), and HER2, considered important clinical biomarkers, accounts for 10% to 20% of all breast cancers. Hormonal therapy and molecular targeted therapy are not indicated for the management of TNBC, resulting in poor outcomes. Because TNBC lacks clear-cut therapeutic targets, effective treatment strategies remain to be established. However, TNBC is known to share similar biologic characteristics with basal-like type breast cancer and is often accompanied by loss of functional BRCA, a gene-modifying enzyme. Breast cancer with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations is accompanied by activation of the enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). PARP, a DNA base-excision repair enzyme, is known to play a central role in gene repair, along with BRCA. Because some breast cancers with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations are TNBC, the suppression of PARP has attracted attention as a new treatment strategy for TNBC. In this article, we review the clinical characteristics of TNBC, discuss problems in treatment, and briefly summarize the international development status of PARP inhibitors.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Park Youngjin, Moriyama Ayako, Kitahara Tomoaki, Yoshida Yutaka, Urita Tasuku and Kato Ryoji, Triple-negative Breast Cancer and Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors, Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 2012; 12 (6) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187152012800617759
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187152012800617759 |
Print ISSN 1871-5206 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5992 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Induction of cell death in cancer cells by modulating telomerase activity using small molecule drugs
Telomeres are distinctive but short stretches present at the corners of chromosomes and aid in stabilizing chromosomal makeup. Resynthesis of telomeres supported by the activity of reverse transcriptase ribonucleoprotein complex telomerase. There is no any telomerase activity in human somatic cells, but the stem cells and germ cells undergone telomerase ...read more
Role of natural compounds as anti anti-cancer agents
Cancer is considered the leading cause of worldwide mortality, accounting for nearly 10 million deaths in 2022. Cancer outcome can be improved through an appropriate screening and early detection and through an efficient clinical treatment. Chemotherapy remains an important approach in treatment o f several types of cancers, even though ...read more
Signaling and enzymatic modulators in cancer treatment
Cancer accounts for nearly 10 million deaths in 2022 and is considered the leading cause of worldwide mortality. Cancer outcome can be improved through an appropriate screening and early detection and through an efficient clinical treatment. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery are the most important approach for the treatment of several ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
Role of Metallothionein in Inflammatory Lung Diseases
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Ceramide: Therapeutic Potential in Combination Therapy for Cancer Treatment
Current Drug Metabolism Editorial [Hot Topic: Natural Compounds as Cancer Chemopreventive and Chemotherapeutic Agents: Insights Gained from Mechanistic and Pharmacologic Studies]
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Crofelemer: In HIV Associated Diarrhea and Secretory Diarrhea - A Patent Perspective
Recent Patents on Anti-Infective Drug Discovery Calpains as a Target for Therapy of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Putative Role of Lithium
Current Drug Metabolism Editorial: Primary Systemic Therapy for Breast Cancer
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials IP6 in Cancer Therapy: Past, Present and Future
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews Commercially Available, FDA-approved Epigenetic Modifiers As Therapeutic Agents in Bacterial Infection
Clinical Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Drugs (Discontinued) Interfacial Fast Release Layer in Monodisperse Poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) Microspheres Accelerates the Drug Release
Current Drug Delivery Targeting of Cancer-Related Proteins with PNA Oligomers
Current Cancer Drug Targets Paeonol, a Powerful Natural Product with Broad Biological Spectra by Inhibiting Inflammatory Pathway
Current Traditional Medicine Strain Imaging Echocardiography: What Imaging Cardiologists Should Know
Current Cardiology Reviews microRNAs Downregulation in Cancer is Associated with Guanine Enrichment in the Terminal Loop Sequences of their Precursors
MicroRNA Lynch Syndrome: Awareness among Medical Students at a United States Medical School
Current Women`s Health Reviews Immunological Mechanism and Clinical Application of PAMP Adjuvants
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Relationship Between Metal Transcription Factor-1 and Zinc in Resistance to Metals Producing Free Radicals
Current Chemical Biology Novel Mitotic Targets and Their Small-Molecule Inhibitors
Current Cancer Drug Targets The Clinical and Immunological Features of Patients with Primary Antibody Deficiencies
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets The Potential of Flavonoids and Tannins from Medicinal Plants as Anticancer Agents
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Serum of Blood Separation by Means of Dynamic Electrochromatography in a Centrifugal and Electromagnetic Gradient
Recent Patents on Biotechnology