Applications of Yeast Cell-Surface Display in Bio-Refinery

Akihiko      Kondo; Tsutomu      Tanaka; Tomohisa      Hasunuma; Chiaki      Ogino

Abstract

The dependency on depleting natural resources is a challenge for energy security that can be potentially answered by bioenergy. Bioenergy is derived from starchy and lignocellulosic biomass in the form of bioethanol or from vegetable oils in the form of biodiesel fuel. The acid and enzymatic methods have been developed for the hydrolysis of biomass and for transesterifiaction of plant oils. However, acid hydrolysis results in the production of unnatural compounds which has adverse effects on yeast fermentation. Recent advancements in the yeast cell surface engineering developed strategies to genetically immobilize amylolytic, cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes on yeast cell surface for the production of fuel ethanol from biomass. This review gives an insight in to the recent technological developments in the production of bioenergy, i.e, bioethanol using surface engineered yeast.

Keywords: Biomass, Cell surface engineering, Bioethanol, Bio-Refinery, Bioenergy, sucrose, fermentation, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, transesterification, anaerobic conditions, fatty acids, osmotic tolerance, plasma membrane, non-covalent interactions, cell-surface components, eukaryotic, high density, bioconversion processe, lignocellulosic biomass, yeast strain, amylolytic enzymes, anti-glucoamylase IgG, sedimentation, amylase, hydrolyse -1, carbohydrate, fermentation system, lactic acid bacte-ria, microscopy, cellulose insoluble fibers, filamentous fungus, synergism, mesophilic, phosphoric acid-swollen cellulose, degradation, optimized, Xylan, xylooligo-saccharides, growth, sulfuric acid