Abstract
Oxidative stress occurs early in the progression of Alzheimer disease, significantly before the development of the pathologic hallmarks, neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques. All classes of macromolecules (sugar, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids) are affected by oxidative stress leading, inevitably, to neuronal dysfunction. Extensive data from the literature support the notion that mitochondrial and metal abnormalities are key sources of oxidative stress in Alzheimer disease. Furthermore, it has been suggested that in the initial stages of the development of Alzheimer disease, amyloid-β deposition and hyperphosphorylated tau function as compensatory responses to ensure that neuronal cells do not succumb to oxidative damage. However, during the progression of the disease, the antioxidant activity of both agents is either overwhelmed or, according to others, evolves into pro-oxidant activity resulting in the exacerbation of reactive species production.
Keywords: Alzheimer disease, antioxidant, chelator, iron, mitochondria, oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets
Title: Alzheimer Disease and the Role of Free Radicals in the Pathogenesis of the Disease
Volume: 7 Issue: 1
Author(s): George Perry, Paula I. Moreira, Maria S. Santos, Catarina R. Oliveira, Justin C. Shenk, Akihiko Nunomura, Mark A. Smith and Xiongwei Zhu
Affiliation:
Keywords: Alzheimer disease, antioxidant, chelator, iron, mitochondria, oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species
Abstract: Oxidative stress occurs early in the progression of Alzheimer disease, significantly before the development of the pathologic hallmarks, neurofibrillary tangles and senile plaques. All classes of macromolecules (sugar, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids) are affected by oxidative stress leading, inevitably, to neuronal dysfunction. Extensive data from the literature support the notion that mitochondrial and metal abnormalities are key sources of oxidative stress in Alzheimer disease. Furthermore, it has been suggested that in the initial stages of the development of Alzheimer disease, amyloid-β deposition and hyperphosphorylated tau function as compensatory responses to ensure that neuronal cells do not succumb to oxidative damage. However, during the progression of the disease, the antioxidant activity of both agents is either overwhelmed or, according to others, evolves into pro-oxidant activity resulting in the exacerbation of reactive species production.
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Cite this article as:
Perry George, Moreira I. Paula, Santos S. Maria, Oliveira R. Catarina, Shenk C. Justin, Nunomura Akihiko, Smith A. Mark and Zhu Xiongwei, Alzheimer Disease and the Role of Free Radicals in the Pathogenesis of the Disease, CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets 2008; 7 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187152708783885156
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187152708783885156 |
Print ISSN 1871-5273 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1996-3181 |
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