Abstract
Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati are roundworms of dogs and cats that can also infect humans worldwide. Although these parasites do not reach the adult stage in the human host the larvae migrate to different organs and can persist for many years. Migration of larvae through the lungs may result in respiratory distress such as wheezing, coughs, mucous production and hyper-reactivity of the airways. Epidemiological and experimental studies suggest that infection with this helminth contributes to the development of allergic manifestations, including asthma. These findings are however conflicting since in others studies no association between these two immunopathologies has been found. This article reviews information on Toxocara spp. and findings from epidemiological and experimental studies on the association between Toxocara infection and allergic manifestations. In addition, the immunological mechanisms and the factors involved in the helminth allergy-association are discussed.
Keywords: Allergy, asthma, helminths, toxocara, immune responses, Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, immunological mechanisms, zoonotic infection, hyper-secretion, EPIDEMIOLOGY, ophthalmologic
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets
Title: Toxocara infection and its Association with Allergic Manifestations
Volume: 12 Issue: 1
Author(s): Elena Pinelli and Carmen Aranzamendi
Affiliation:
Keywords: Allergy, asthma, helminths, toxocara, immune responses, Toxocara canis, Toxocara cati, immunological mechanisms, zoonotic infection, hyper-secretion, EPIDEMIOLOGY, ophthalmologic
Abstract: Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati are roundworms of dogs and cats that can also infect humans worldwide. Although these parasites do not reach the adult stage in the human host the larvae migrate to different organs and can persist for many years. Migration of larvae through the lungs may result in respiratory distress such as wheezing, coughs, mucous production and hyper-reactivity of the airways. Epidemiological and experimental studies suggest that infection with this helminth contributes to the development of allergic manifestations, including asthma. These findings are however conflicting since in others studies no association between these two immunopathologies has been found. This article reviews information on Toxocara spp. and findings from epidemiological and experimental studies on the association between Toxocara infection and allergic manifestations. In addition, the immunological mechanisms and the factors involved in the helminth allergy-association are discussed.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Pinelli Elena and Aranzamendi Carmen, Toxocara infection and its Association with Allergic Manifestations, Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets 2012; 12 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187153012799278956
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/187153012799278956 |
Print ISSN 1871-5303 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 2212-3873 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Antiviral Activity and Molecular Targets of Plant Natural Products Against Avian Influenza Virus
Current Organic Chemistry Impact of Nutrition Transition and Resulting Morbidities on Economic and Human Development
Current Diabetes Reviews Advances in Sickle Cell Disease Treatment: from Drug Discovery Until the Patient Monitoring
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Editorial [Hot Topic: New Insight in Obesity and Insulin Resistance (Guest Editor: Geltrude Mingrone)]
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) Evaluation of the <i>In Vivo</i> Acute Toxicity and <i>In Vitro</i> Hemolytic and Immunomodulatory Activities of the <i>Moringa oleifera</i> Flower Trypsin Inhibitor (MoFTI)
Protein & Peptide Letters Nutritional Aspects Relating to the Developmental Origins of Health and Disease
Current Women`s Health Reviews Adipose Tissue in the Regulation of Inflammation
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) Combination Therapy with Favipiravir for Treatment of Hospitalized COVID-19 Adults
New Emirates Medical Journal A Review on Solvent-free Methods in Organic Synthesis
Current Organic Chemistry Editorial [Hot topic: Acute Health Effects of Passive Smoking (Guest Editor: Andreas D. Flouris)]
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Free Radicals and Oxidative Stress: Signaling Mechanisms, Redox Basis for Human Diseases, and Cell Cycle Regulation
Current Molecular Medicine Development of Anti-Atherosclerosis Therapy Based on the Inflammatory and Proliferative Aspects of the Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one C5 Amides as Inhibitors of T NFα Production: Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Modeling
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery T Cell Homeostasis in Centenarians: From the Thymus to the Periphery
Current Pharmaceutical Design Demystifying the ACE Polymorphism: From Genetics to Biology
Current Pharmaceutical Design Binding Interactions of Forskolin with Human Serum Albumin: Insights from In silico and Spectroscopic Studies
Current Chemical Biology On the Paradigm Shift Towards Multitarget Selective Drug Design
Current Computer-Aided Drug Design EHDA Spraying: A Multi-Material Nano-Engineering Route
Current Pharmaceutical Design Immunomodulatory Effects of Soybeans and Processed Soy Food Compounds
Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition & Agriculture Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Fibrotic Lung Disease: A Review with a Focus on Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery