Abstract
A causal relationship between exposure to smoking and increase in blood pressure (BP) is not yet clearly demonstrated. Some observations suggest a transient increase while smoking a cigarette or when exposed to passive smoking. Late stable hypertension may also occur as a consequence of smoking. This could be attributed to the progression of atherogenesis triggered by smoking (e.g. endothelial dysfunction). Endothelial dysfunction is strongly associated with hypertension. Impaired nitric oxide (NO) availability attributable to oxidative stress production, which causes NO breakdown, has also been considered as another mechanism. Smoking and hypertension seem to have an additive effect as risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
Keywords: Arterial wall, endothelium, hypertension, nitric oxide, risk factors, smoking, vascular damage, endothelial dysfunction, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis
Current Vascular Pharmacology
Title: Smoking and Hypertension: Independent or Additive Effects to Determining Vascular Damage?
Volume: 9 Issue: 5
Author(s): Aurelio Leone
Affiliation:
Keywords: Arterial wall, endothelium, hypertension, nitric oxide, risk factors, smoking, vascular damage, endothelial dysfunction, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis
Abstract: A causal relationship between exposure to smoking and increase in blood pressure (BP) is not yet clearly demonstrated. Some observations suggest a transient increase while smoking a cigarette or when exposed to passive smoking. Late stable hypertension may also occur as a consequence of smoking. This could be attributed to the progression of atherogenesis triggered by smoking (e.g. endothelial dysfunction). Endothelial dysfunction is strongly associated with hypertension. Impaired nitric oxide (NO) availability attributable to oxidative stress production, which causes NO breakdown, has also been considered as another mechanism. Smoking and hypertension seem to have an additive effect as risk factors for cardiovascular disease.
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Cite this article as:
Leone Aurelio, Smoking and Hypertension: Independent or Additive Effects to Determining Vascular Damage?, Current Vascular Pharmacology 2011; 9 (5) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016111796642706
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157016111796642706 |
Print ISSN 1570-1611 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6212 |
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