Abstract
Epidemiological studies suggest a protective role of omega-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) against Alzheimers disease (AD). However, most intervention studies of supplementation with n-3 PUFA have yielded disappointing results. One reason for such discordant results may result from inadequate targeting of individuals who might benefit from the supplementation, in particular because of their genetic susceptibility to AD. The 4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene (ApoE) is a genetic risk factor for late-onset AD. ApoE plays a key role in the transport of cholesterol and other lipids involved in brain composition and functioning. The action of n-3 PUFA on the aging brain might therefore differ according to ApoE polymorphism. The aim of this review is to examine the interaction between dietary fatty acids and ApoE genotype on the risk for AD. Carriers of the 4 allele tend to be the most responsive to changes in dietary fat and cholesterol. Conversely, several epidemiological studies suggest a protective effect of long-chain n-3 PUFA on cognitive decline only in those who do not carry the 4 but with inconsistent results. An intervention study showed that only non-carriers had increased concentrations of long-chain n-3 PUFA in response to supplementation. The mechanisms underlying this gene-by-diet interaction on AD risk may involve impaired fatty acids and cholesterol transport, altered metabolism of n-3 PUFA, glucose or ketones, or modification of other risk factors of AD in 4 carriers. Further research is needed to explain the differential effect of n-3 PUFA on AD according to ApoE genotype
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, apolipoprotein E, fatty acids, omega 3, nutrition, dementia, ApoE polymorphism, Caucasian homozygotes, glutathion peroxidase
Current Alzheimer Research
Title: Dietary Omega 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Alzheimers Disease: Interaction with Apolipoprotein E Genotype
Volume: 8 Issue: 5
Author(s): P. Barberger-Gateau, C. Samieri, C. Feart and M. Plourde
Affiliation:
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, apolipoprotein E, fatty acids, omega 3, nutrition, dementia, ApoE polymorphism, Caucasian homozygotes, glutathion peroxidase
Abstract: Epidemiological studies suggest a protective role of omega-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) against Alzheimers disease (AD). However, most intervention studies of supplementation with n-3 PUFA have yielded disappointing results. One reason for such discordant results may result from inadequate targeting of individuals who might benefit from the supplementation, in particular because of their genetic susceptibility to AD. The 4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene (ApoE) is a genetic risk factor for late-onset AD. ApoE plays a key role in the transport of cholesterol and other lipids involved in brain composition and functioning. The action of n-3 PUFA on the aging brain might therefore differ according to ApoE polymorphism. The aim of this review is to examine the interaction between dietary fatty acids and ApoE genotype on the risk for AD. Carriers of the 4 allele tend to be the most responsive to changes in dietary fat and cholesterol. Conversely, several epidemiological studies suggest a protective effect of long-chain n-3 PUFA on cognitive decline only in those who do not carry the 4 but with inconsistent results. An intervention study showed that only non-carriers had increased concentrations of long-chain n-3 PUFA in response to supplementation. The mechanisms underlying this gene-by-diet interaction on AD risk may involve impaired fatty acids and cholesterol transport, altered metabolism of n-3 PUFA, glucose or ketones, or modification of other risk factors of AD in 4 carriers. Further research is needed to explain the differential effect of n-3 PUFA on AD according to ApoE genotype
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Barberger-Gateau P., Samieri C., Feart C. and Plourde M., Dietary Omega 3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Alzheimers Disease: Interaction with Apolipoprotein E Genotype, Current Alzheimer Research 2011; 8 (5) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156720511796391926
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156720511796391926 |
Print ISSN 1567-2050 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5828 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
New Advances in the Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Rehabilitation of Alzheimer's Disease
Aims and Scope: Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, with an increasing prevalence that demands concerted efforts to advance our understanding and strategies for prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. This thematic issue aims to bring together cutting-edge research and innovative approaches from multidisciplinary perspectives to address ...read more
Current updates on the Role of Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Disorders
Neuroinflammation is an invariable hallmark of chronic and acute neurodegenerative disorders and has long been considered a potential drug target for Alzheimer?s disease (AD) and dementia. Significant evidence of inflammatory processes as a feature of AD is provided by the presence of inflammatory markers in plasma, CSF and postmortem brain ...read more
Deep Learning for Advancing Alzheimer's Disease Research
Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, with an increasing number of individuals affected yearly. Deep learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence, has shown immense potential in various domains, including healthcare. This thematic issue of Current Alzheimer Research explores the application of deep learning techniques in advancing our ...read more
Diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers of dementia
Dementia affects 18 million people worldwide. Dementia is a syndrome of symptoms caused by brain disease, usually chronic or progressive, clinically characterized by multiple impairments of higher cortical functions such as memory, thinking, orientation, and learning. In addition, in the course of dementia, cognitive deficits are observed, which often hinder ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Racial Differences in Gray Matter Integrity by Diffusion Tensor in Black and White Octogenarians
Current Alzheimer Research The Neuroprotective Role of PEDF: Implication for the Therapy of Neurological Disorders
Current Molecular Medicine Infective Proteins: The Prion Puzzle
Current Protein & Peptide Science Health Outcomes Associated with Hormone Therapy in Australian Women
Current Drug Safety Platelets in the Alzheimer’s Disease Brain: do they Play a Role in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy?
Current Neurovascular Research Do mtDNA Mutations Participate in the Pathogenesis of Sporadic Parkinsons Disease?
Current Genomics RAS in the Central Nervous System: Potential Role in Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Current Medicinal Chemistry Neuroprotective Therapies for Alzheimers Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design Neuromuscular Disorders in Left Ventricular Hypertrabeculation/Noncompaction
Current Pharmaceutical Design Cognitive Impairment Associated with Parkinson’s Disease: Role of Mitochondria
Current Neuropharmacology Memory Impairment is Associated with Serum Methylarginines in Older Adults
Current Alzheimer Research Maternal Vitamin D Status and Development of Asthma and Allergy in Early Childhood
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Biological Evaluation of Azomethine-dihydroquinazolinone Conjugates as Cancer and Cholinesterase Inhibitors
Medicinal Chemistry Astrocyte: An Innovative Approach for Alzheimer's Disease Therapy
Current Pharmaceutical Design Treatments for Hypertension in Type 2 Diabetes-Non-pharmacological and Pharmacological Measurements<sup>#</sup>
Current Hypertension Reviews Potential Implications of Research on Genetic or Heritable Contributions to Pedophilia for the Objectives of Criminal Law
Recent Advances in DNA & Gene Sequences (Discontinued) Antipsychotic Drugs and Cerebrovascular Events in Elderly Patients with Dementia: A Systematic Review
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Cannabinoids as Therapeutic Agents for Ablating Neuroinflammatory Disease
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets How to Advise Aspirin Use in Patients Who Need NSAIDs
Current Pharmaceutical Design Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Repurposing Opportunities for Cognition and Biobehavioral Disturbances in MCI and Dementia
Current Alzheimer Research