Abstract
The role of central nervous system (CNS) in regulation of gastric function has long been known. The dorsal vagal complex (DVC) has an important role in regulation of gastric mucosal integrity; it is involved both in mucosal protection and in ulcer formation. Neuropeptides have been identified in DVC, the origin of these peptides are both intrinsic and extrinsic. Neuropeptides are localized also in the periphery, in afferent neurons. The afferent neurons also have efferent-like function in the gastroinetestinal tract, and neuropeptides released from the peripheral nerve endings of primary afferent neurons can induce gastric mucosal protection. Centrally and / or peripherally injected neuropeptides, such as amylin, adrenomedullin, bombesin, cholecystokinin, neurotensin, opioid peptides, thyreotropin releasing hormone and vasoactive intestinal peptide, influence both the acid secretion and the gastric mucosal lesions induced by different ulcerogens. The centrally induced gastroprotective effect of neuropeptides may be partly due to a vagal dependent increase of gastric mucosal resistance to injury; activation of vagal cholinergic pathway is resulted in stimulation of the release of mucosal prostaglandin and nitric oxide. Furthermore, release of sensory neuropeptides (calcitonin gene-related peptide, tachykinins) from capsaicin sensitive afferent fibers are also involved in the centrally induced gastroprotective effect of neuropeptides.
Keywords: Neuropeptides, gastric acid secretion, gastroprotection
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Neuropeptides and Gastric Mucosal Homeostasis
Volume: 4 Issue: 1
Author(s): Gyires, K.
Affiliation:
Keywords: Neuropeptides, gastric acid secretion, gastroprotection
Abstract: The role of central nervous system (CNS) in regulation of gastric function has long been known. The dorsal vagal complex (DVC) has an important role in regulation of gastric mucosal integrity; it is involved both in mucosal protection and in ulcer formation. Neuropeptides have been identified in DVC, the origin of these peptides are both intrinsic and extrinsic. Neuropeptides are localized also in the periphery, in afferent neurons. The afferent neurons also have efferent-like function in the gastroinetestinal tract, and neuropeptides released from the peripheral nerve endings of primary afferent neurons can induce gastric mucosal protection. Centrally and / or peripherally injected neuropeptides, such as amylin, adrenomedullin, bombesin, cholecystokinin, neurotensin, opioid peptides, thyreotropin releasing hormone and vasoactive intestinal peptide, influence both the acid secretion and the gastric mucosal lesions induced by different ulcerogens. The centrally induced gastroprotective effect of neuropeptides may be partly due to a vagal dependent increase of gastric mucosal resistance to injury; activation of vagal cholinergic pathway is resulted in stimulation of the release of mucosal prostaglandin and nitric oxide. Furthermore, release of sensory neuropeptides (calcitonin gene-related peptide, tachykinins) from capsaicin sensitive afferent fibers are also involved in the centrally induced gastroprotective effect of neuropeptides.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Gyires, K. , Neuropeptides and Gastric Mucosal Homeostasis, Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2004; 4 (1) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026043451609
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1568026043451609 |
Print ISSN 1568-0266 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4294 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Chemistry Based on Natural Products for Therapeutic Purposes
The development of new pharmaceuticals for a wide range of medical conditions has long relied on the identification of promising natural products (NPs). There are over sixty percent of cancer, infectious illness, and CNS disease medications that include an NP pharmacophore, according to the Food and Drug Administration. Since NP ...read more
Current Trends in Drug Discovery Based on Artificial Intelligence and Computer-Aided Drug Design
Drug development discovery has faced several challenges over the years. In fact, the evolution of classical approaches to modern methods using computational methods, or Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD), has shown promising and essential results in any drug discovery campaign. Among these methods, molecular docking is one of the most notable ...read more
Drug Discovery in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
In the age of artificial intelligence (AI), we have witnessed a significant boom in AI techniques for drug discovery. AI techniques are increasingly integrated and accelerating the drug discovery process. These developments have not only attracted the attention of academia and industry but also raised important questions regarding the selection ...read more
From Biodiversity to Chemical Diversity: Focus of Flavonoids
Flavonoids are the largest group of polyphenols, plant secondary metabolites arising from the essential aromatic amino acid phenylalanine (or more rarely from tyrosine) via the phenylpropanoid pathway. The flavan nucleus is the basic 15-carbon skeleton of flavonoids (C6-C3-C6), which consists of two phenyl rings (A and B) and a heterocyclic ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Uveitis in Horses, Rats and Man: What Do We Learn from Our Pets?
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Acute Respiratory Failure in Obstetric Patients
Current Women`s Health Reviews The Role of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Supplementation in Childhood: A Review
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Withdrawn: Mesenchymal Stem Cell-derived Exosomes for Treatment of Ischemic Stroke
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Involvement of Orexigenic Peptides in the Mechanism of Gastric Mucosal Integrity and Healing of Chronic Gastric Ulcers
Current Pharmaceutical Design Migraine and Coronary Artery Disease: An Open Study on the Genetic Polymorphism of the 5, 10 Methylenetetrahydrofolate (MTHFR) and Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Genes
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Oxidative Stress Induced Mitochondrial DNA Deletion as a Hallmark forthe Drug Development in the Context of the Cerebrovascular Diseases
Recent Patents on Cardiovascular Drug Discovery Development and Clinical use of Prasugrel and Ticagrelor
Current Pharmaceutical Design Investigation of Cytotoxic Effects of Oxymetazoline on Lungs in a Rat Model of Rhinitis Medicamentosa
Current Molecular Pharmacology The Effects of Obesity-Related Peptides on the Vasculature
Current Vascular Pharmacology Towards a Better Understanding of Cardiac and Vascular Disease in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease
Current Cardiology Reviews Protective Effects of Anesthetics on Vascular Function Related to K<sup>+</sup> Channels
Current Pharmaceutical Design Pathophysiology of Blood-Brain Barrier in Brain Injury in Cold and Hot Environments: Novel Drug Targets for Neuroprotection
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Cerebrovascular Complications of Diabetes: SGLT-2 Inhibitors as a Promising Future Therapeutics
Current Drug Targets Anatomical and Functional Relationships Between Sensory Nerves and Mast Cells
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Design and Ocular Tolerance of Flurbiprofen Loaded Nanosuspension
Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Fractional Flow Reserve: Physiological Basis, Advantages and Limitations, and Potential Gender Differences
Current Cardiology Reviews Passive Smoking and Coronary Heart Disease
Current Vascular Pharmacology Pregnancy and Sleep Apnea
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews The Janus Face of Adenosine: Antiarrhythmic and Proarrhythmic Actions
Current Pharmaceutical Design