Abstract
The statement, “neurodegenerative diseases are incurable because neurons do not regenerate during adulthood,” has been challenged, and we have now found much evidence that the matured brain is capable of regenerating neurons. In our previous study, human neural stem cells (HNSCs) transplanted into aged rat brains differentiated into neural cells and significantly improved the cognitive functions of the animals, indicating that HNSCs may be a promising candidate for neuro-replacement therapy. However, because of ethical and practical issues associated with HNSCs, development of autologous stem cell strategies may be desired. We established new technologies to differentiate adult human mesenchymal stem cells into neural cells by modifying cell fate decisions. We also found a pyrimidine derivative that increases endogenous stem cell proliferation and neurogenesis after peripheral administrations of this compound. Although these results may promise a bright future for clinical applications of stem cell strategies in Alzheimers disease (AD) therapy, we must acknowledge the complexity of AD. For example, abnormal metabolism of the amyloid-β precursor protein (APP) may affect stem cell biology, while the prevalence of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) toxicity theory in AD pathology tends to limit our focus on the physiological functions of APP. We found that excess APP in the environment causes glial differentiation of stem cells. Even though the glial activation may be useful to eliminate Aβ deposits, neuronal differentiation of stem cells is needed for replacement of degenerating neurons in the AD brain. Thus, further investigation of the influence of AD pathology on stem cell biology is required.
Keywords: mesenchimal stem cell, bone marrow, amyloid, transplantation, differentiation, proliferation, memory, neuroregeneration
Current Alzheimer Research
Title: Possible Use of Autologous Stem Cell Therapies for Alzheimers Disease
Volume: 2 Issue: 3
Author(s): Kiminobu Sugaya
Affiliation:
Keywords: mesenchimal stem cell, bone marrow, amyloid, transplantation, differentiation, proliferation, memory, neuroregeneration
Abstract: The statement, “neurodegenerative diseases are incurable because neurons do not regenerate during adulthood,” has been challenged, and we have now found much evidence that the matured brain is capable of regenerating neurons. In our previous study, human neural stem cells (HNSCs) transplanted into aged rat brains differentiated into neural cells and significantly improved the cognitive functions of the animals, indicating that HNSCs may be a promising candidate for neuro-replacement therapy. However, because of ethical and practical issues associated with HNSCs, development of autologous stem cell strategies may be desired. We established new technologies to differentiate adult human mesenchymal stem cells into neural cells by modifying cell fate decisions. We also found a pyrimidine derivative that increases endogenous stem cell proliferation and neurogenesis after peripheral administrations of this compound. Although these results may promise a bright future for clinical applications of stem cell strategies in Alzheimers disease (AD) therapy, we must acknowledge the complexity of AD. For example, abnormal metabolism of the amyloid-β precursor protein (APP) may affect stem cell biology, while the prevalence of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) toxicity theory in AD pathology tends to limit our focus on the physiological functions of APP. We found that excess APP in the environment causes glial differentiation of stem cells. Even though the glial activation may be useful to eliminate Aβ deposits, neuronal differentiation of stem cells is needed for replacement of degenerating neurons in the AD brain. Thus, further investigation of the influence of AD pathology on stem cell biology is required.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Sugaya Kiminobu, Possible Use of Autologous Stem Cell Therapies for Alzheimers Disease, Current Alzheimer Research 2005; 2 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205054367919
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1567205054367919 |
Print ISSN 1567-2050 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5828 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
New Advances in the Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Rehabilitation of Alzheimer's Disease
Aims and Scope: Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, with an increasing prevalence that demands concerted efforts to advance our understanding and strategies for prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. This thematic issue aims to bring together cutting-edge research and innovative approaches from multidisciplinary perspectives to address ...read more
Current updates on the Role of Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Disorders
Neuroinflammation is an invariable hallmark of chronic and acute neurodegenerative disorders and has long been considered a potential drug target for Alzheimer?s disease (AD) and dementia. Significant evidence of inflammatory processes as a feature of AD is provided by the presence of inflammatory markers in plasma, CSF and postmortem brain ...read more
Deep Learning for Advancing Alzheimer's Disease Research
Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, with an increasing number of individuals affected yearly. Deep learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence, has shown immense potential in various domains, including healthcare. This thematic issue of Current Alzheimer Research explores the application of deep learning techniques in advancing our ...read more
Diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers of dementia
Dementia affects 18 million people worldwide. Dementia is a syndrome of symptoms caused by brain disease, usually chronic or progressive, clinically characterized by multiple impairments of higher cortical functions such as memory, thinking, orientation, and learning. In addition, in the course of dementia, cognitive deficits are observed, which often hinder ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
NPY and NPY Receptors in Vascular Remodeling
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry DNA Double Strand Breaks Repair Inhibitors: Relevance as Potential New Anticancer Therapeutics
Current Medicinal Chemistry Posttranslational Modifications of Tau - Role in Human Tauopathies and Modeling in Transgenic Animals
Current Drug Targets Proteomic Approaches for the Study of Transgelins as Tumor-associated Proteins and Potential Biomarkers
Current Proteomics Non Peptidic Urotensin II Antagonists: Perspectives for a New Class of Drugs
Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry In vivo Real-Time Near-Infrared Fluorescent Mapping of Sentinel Lymph Nodes Using Methylene Blue Encapsulated in a Microemulsion Nanosystem
Current Nanoscience Pharmacological Activation of LXRs Decreases Amyloid-β Levels in Niemann-Pick Type C Model Cells
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Evidence for the Role of Luteinizing Hormone in Alzheimer Disease
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Aptamers as Targeting Delivery Devices or Anti-cancer Drugs for Fighting Tumors
Current Drug Metabolism Membrane Targeted Chemotherapy with Hybrid Liposomes for Tumor Cells Leading to Apoptosis
Current Pharmaceutical Design Fibroblast Growth Factor 2: From Laboratory Evidence to Clinical Application
Current Vascular Pharmacology Pleiotropic Effects of Cardioactive Glycosides
Current Medicinal Chemistry Stem cells contributing to postnatal skeletogenesis in the mouse bone marrow
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Cyclic Voltammetry-An Electrochemical Approach to Study Metal-based Potential Antitumor Drug-DNA Interaction
Current Analytical Chemistry Melatonin Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits the Proliferation of Cancer Cells via Reactive Oxygen Species-mediated MAPK and mTOR Pathways
Clinical Cancer Drugs LHON: Mitochondrial Mutations and More
Current Genomics Evaluation of the Anticancer Activities of the Plant Alkaloids Sanguinarine and Chelerythrine in Human Breast Adenocarcinoma Cells
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry The role of Nox-mediated oxidation in the regulation of cytoskeletal dynamics
Current Pharmaceutical Design Selective α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Ligands
Current Medicinal Chemistry Using Cell Cultures for the Investigation of Treatments for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Systematic Review
Current Neuropharmacology