Abstract
Over 33% of women and 20% of men aged 65 and older will develop dementia during their lifetime, and many more will develop a milder form of cognitive impairment. Given the anticipated exponential increase in both the incidence and prevalence of cognitive impairment in the next century, it is critical to identify preventative strategies to thwart this critical public health issue. The metabolic syndrome is comprised of five cardiovascular risk factors that include abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, low high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, hypertension, and hyperglycemia. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome, similar to that for cognitive disorders, increases dramatically with age. While several of the individual components of the metabolic syndrome have been linked to risk of developing dementia and cognitive impairment, few studies have looked at the components of the metabolic syndrome as a whole. We found, in two separate studies involving elders of different ethnicities, that the metabolic syndrome is a risk factor for accelerated cognitive aging. This was especially true for elders with the metabolic syndrome and with elevated serum level of inflammation. Several possible mechanisms may explain the association between the metabolic syndrome and cognitive decline including micro- and macro-vascular disease, inflammation, adiposity and insulin resistance. If metabolic syndrome is associated with increased risk of developing cognitive impairment, regardless of mechanism, then early identification and treatment of these individuals might offer avenues for disease course modification.
Keywords: Metabolic syndrome, cognition, dementia, insulin resistance
Current Alzheimer Research
Title: Metabolic Syndrome and Cognitive Decline
Volume: 4 Issue: 2
Author(s): Kristine Yaffe
Affiliation:
Keywords: Metabolic syndrome, cognition, dementia, insulin resistance
Abstract: Over 33% of women and 20% of men aged 65 and older will develop dementia during their lifetime, and many more will develop a milder form of cognitive impairment. Given the anticipated exponential increase in both the incidence and prevalence of cognitive impairment in the next century, it is critical to identify preventative strategies to thwart this critical public health issue. The metabolic syndrome is comprised of five cardiovascular risk factors that include abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, low high density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, hypertension, and hyperglycemia. The prevalence of the metabolic syndrome, similar to that for cognitive disorders, increases dramatically with age. While several of the individual components of the metabolic syndrome have been linked to risk of developing dementia and cognitive impairment, few studies have looked at the components of the metabolic syndrome as a whole. We found, in two separate studies involving elders of different ethnicities, that the metabolic syndrome is a risk factor for accelerated cognitive aging. This was especially true for elders with the metabolic syndrome and with elevated serum level of inflammation. Several possible mechanisms may explain the association between the metabolic syndrome and cognitive decline including micro- and macro-vascular disease, inflammation, adiposity and insulin resistance. If metabolic syndrome is associated with increased risk of developing cognitive impairment, regardless of mechanism, then early identification and treatment of these individuals might offer avenues for disease course modification.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Yaffe Kristine, Metabolic Syndrome and Cognitive Decline, Current Alzheimer Research 2007; 4 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156720507780362191
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156720507780362191 |
Print ISSN 1567-2050 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5828 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
New Advances in the Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Rehabilitation of Alzheimer's Disease
Aims and Scope: Introduction: Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, with an increasing prevalence that demands concerted efforts to advance our understanding and strategies for prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation. This thematic issue aims to bring together cutting-edge research and innovative approaches from multidisciplinary perspectives to address ...read more
Current updates on the Role of Neuroinflammation in Neurodegenerative Disorders
Neuroinflammation is an invariable hallmark of chronic and acute neurodegenerative disorders and has long been considered a potential drug target for Alzheimer?s disease (AD) and dementia. Significant evidence of inflammatory processes as a feature of AD is provided by the presence of inflammatory markers in plasma, CSF and postmortem brain ...read more
Deep Learning for Advancing Alzheimer's Disease Research
Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant global health challenge, with an increasing number of individuals affected yearly. Deep learning, a subfield of artificial intelligence, has shown immense potential in various domains, including healthcare. This thematic issue of Current Alzheimer Research explores the application of deep learning techniques in advancing our ...read more
Diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers of dementia
Dementia affects 18 million people worldwide. Dementia is a syndrome of symptoms caused by brain disease, usually chronic or progressive, clinically characterized by multiple impairments of higher cortical functions such as memory, thinking, orientation, and learning. In addition, in the course of dementia, cognitive deficits are observed, which often hinder ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Diabetic Foot and Exercise Therapy: Step by Step The Role of Rigid Posture and Biomechanics Treatment
Current Diabetes Reviews Resurgence of Herbal Antihypertensives in Management of Hypertension
Current Hypertension Reviews Targets for Medical Therapy to Limit Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Progression
Current Drug Targets Pathophysiological Role of Proteasome-Dependent Proteolytic Pathway in Endothelin-1-Related Cardiovascular Diseases
Current Vascular Pharmacology Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy: Photochemistry in the Service of Oncology
Current Pharmaceutical Design Activating Mutations of ESR1, BRCA1 and CYP19 Aromatase Genes Confer Tumor Response in Breast Cancers Treated with Antiestrogens
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Epidemiology and Costs of Hypertension-related Disorders
Current Pharmaceutical Design Regulatory Approaches to Nonclinical Reproductive Toxicity Testing of Anti-Cancer Drugs
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry HIV-1 Infection: Recent Developments in Treatment and Current Management Strategies
Anti-Infective Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Asymmetric Dimethylarginine (ADMA) and Cardiovascular Disease
Vascular Disease Prevention (Discontinued) Assessment and Clinical Relevance of Non-Fasting and Postprandial Triglycerides: An Expert Panel Statement
Current Vascular Pharmacology Pharmacological Modulation of Microparticle Release: New Strategies for the Management of Atherothrombotic Vascular Disorders
Current Pharmaceutical Design Glycoxidation of Low Density Lipoprotein in Impaired Glucose Tolerance: Implications for the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Vascular Disease
Vascular Disease Prevention (Discontinued) Endogenous Repair System of Oxidative Damage of DNA
Current Chemical Biology Epidemiology of Diabetes Mellitus in the United Arab Emirates
Current Diabetes Reviews Sex Steroids Regulation of Appetitive Behavior
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Neurological Complications of Anderson-Fabry Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor-1 in Tumor Growth, Angiogenesis and Vascular Remodeling
Current Pharmaceutical Design Safety Aspects of Statins: Which Factors Create the Adverse Effects of Statins
Immunology, Endocrine & Metabolic Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Discontinued) ALA, Fatty Fish or Marine n-3 Fatty Acids for Preventing DM?: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Current Diabetes Reviews