Abstract
Autoimmune diseases affect about 3% of the world population, more frequently women than men, and their incidence is attributed to an immune response of a genetically predisposed individual to an environmental pathogen, under the influence of inadequate immuno-regulatory mechanisms. Advances in understanding the cellular activity pathways and cytokine expression profiles have led to new therapeutic regiments, like soluble receptors, monoclonal antibodies and molecular mimetics that have been employed to enhance or replace conventional immunosuppressive therapies. Among new biologicals that have been developed to target defined pathways of the adaptive immune response are TNF-α inhibitors. TNF-α is a proinflammatory cytokine elevated in many autoimmune lesions, and its deregulation characterizes many autoimmune diseases. TNF-α seems to exhibit an immunoregulatory role that can alter the balance of T regulatory cells and orchestrate acute immunological responses. More than half a million autoimmune patients have received therapy with anti-TNF-α antibodies, usually because they were refractory to conventional treatments. This review offers an update on TNF-α-targeted therapies used in patients suffering from various autoimmune diseases, based on the current knowledge of disease pathogenesis, with emphasis on the efficacy and safety that clinical trials have shown until now.
Keywords: TNF-α, antibody, infliximab, etanercept, adalimumab, lenercept, autoimmune, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), Crohn's disease (CD)
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Anti-TNF-α Antibody Therapies in Autoimmune Diseases
Volume: 6 Issue: 16
Author(s): Kokona Chatzantoni and Athanasia Mouzaki
Affiliation:
Keywords: TNF-α, antibody, infliximab, etanercept, adalimumab, lenercept, autoimmune, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), Crohn's disease (CD)
Abstract: Autoimmune diseases affect about 3% of the world population, more frequently women than men, and their incidence is attributed to an immune response of a genetically predisposed individual to an environmental pathogen, under the influence of inadequate immuno-regulatory mechanisms. Advances in understanding the cellular activity pathways and cytokine expression profiles have led to new therapeutic regiments, like soluble receptors, monoclonal antibodies and molecular mimetics that have been employed to enhance or replace conventional immunosuppressive therapies. Among new biologicals that have been developed to target defined pathways of the adaptive immune response are TNF-α inhibitors. TNF-α is a proinflammatory cytokine elevated in many autoimmune lesions, and its deregulation characterizes many autoimmune diseases. TNF-α seems to exhibit an immunoregulatory role that can alter the balance of T regulatory cells and orchestrate acute immunological responses. More than half a million autoimmune patients have received therapy with anti-TNF-α antibodies, usually because they were refractory to conventional treatments. This review offers an update on TNF-α-targeted therapies used in patients suffering from various autoimmune diseases, based on the current knowledge of disease pathogenesis, with emphasis on the efficacy and safety that clinical trials have shown until now.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Chatzantoni Kokona and Mouzaki Athanasia, Anti-TNF-α Antibody Therapies in Autoimmune Diseases, Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry 2006; 6 (16) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156802606778194217
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/156802606778194217 |
Print ISSN 1568-0266 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4294 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Chemistry Based on Natural Products for Therapeutic Purposes
The development of new pharmaceuticals for a wide range of medical conditions has long relied on the identification of promising natural products (NPs). There are over sixty percent of cancer, infectious illness, and CNS disease medications that include an NP pharmacophore, according to the Food and Drug Administration. Since NP ...read more
Current Trends in Drug Discovery Based on Artificial Intelligence and Computer-Aided Drug Design
Drug development discovery has faced several challenges over the years. In fact, the evolution of classical approaches to modern methods using computational methods, or Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD), has shown promising and essential results in any drug discovery campaign. Among these methods, molecular docking is one of the most notable ...read more
Drug Discovery in the Age of Artificial Intelligence
In the age of artificial intelligence (AI), we have witnessed a significant boom in AI techniques for drug discovery. AI techniques are increasingly integrated and accelerating the drug discovery process. These developments have not only attracted the attention of academia and industry but also raised important questions regarding the selection ...read more
From Biodiversity to Chemical Diversity: Focus of Flavonoids
Flavonoids are the largest group of polyphenols, plant secondary metabolites arising from the essential aromatic amino acid phenylalanine (or more rarely from tyrosine) via the phenylpropanoid pathway. The flavan nucleus is the basic 15-carbon skeleton of flavonoids (C6-C3-C6), which consists of two phenyl rings (A and B) and a heterocyclic ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Novel Therapeutic Approaches in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Role of Janus Kinases Inhibitors
Current Medicinal Chemistry Chinese Herbs as Immunomodulators and Potential Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs in Autoimmune Disorders
Current Drug Metabolism Insights into the Pathogenesis of Type 1 Diabetes A Hint for Novel Immunospecific Therapies
Current Molecular Medicine Interleukin-7: a key Mediator in T Cell-driven Autoimmunity, Inflammation, and Tissue Destruction
Current Pharmaceutical Design Vaccination Against High Blood Pressure
Current Pharmaceutical Design JAK3 Inhibitors in Organ Transplantation and Autoimmune Disease
Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery Immunomodulatory Activity of Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy A Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship Study on Some Series of Potassium Channel Blockers
Medicinal Chemistry Natural Cures for Type 1 Diabetes: A Review of Phytochemicals, Biological Actions, and Clinical Potential
Current Medicinal Chemistry Multiple Sclerosis Therapy Monitoring Based on Gene Expression
Current Pharmaceutical Design Associations between Depressive Disorders and Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry A New Approach to the Inflammatory/Autoimmune Diseases
Recent Patents on Anti-Infective Drug Discovery The Antinflammatory Effect of Alpha-MSH in Skin: A Promise for New Treatment Strategies
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Needle-free Gene Delivery Through the Skin: An Overview of Recent Strategies
Current Pharmaceutical Design Characterization of Regulatory T-Cells in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Treated with Interferon Beta-1a
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Protein Engineering Studies for C-C Chemokine Receptor Type 2 (CCR2)
Current Enzyme Inhibition Identification of Novel Scaffolds for IκB Kinase Beta Inhibitor via a High Throughput Screening TR-FRET Assay
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Recent Developments in the Medicinal Chemistry and Therapeutic Potential of Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase (DHODH) Inhibitors
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Effects of Antioxidant Polyphenols on TNF-Alpha-Related Diseases
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Antibody - Fc Receptor Interactions in Antimicrobial Functions
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued)