Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides are major components of the innate immune defence. They are well conserved along evolution, nontoxic and they ensure potent defences against a large number of pathogens. They act by direct killing of microorganisms and they possess additional roles in the regulation of adaptive immune responses, by recruting or stimulating immune cells. Skin and gut are positioned at the interface of internal milieu and external environment. They represent a physical and chemical barrier against pathogens invasion and the antimicrobial peptides limit pathogen growth in normal conditions. During infection or injury, some of these peptides are overexpressed and disrupt microbial membranes and/or stimulate immune cell recruitment, allowing to return to homeostasis or to increase inflammation. Antimicrobial peptides expression is altered in several diseases: α-defensins deficiency is related with Crohns disease and in skin, cathelicidin LL-37 and β-defensin-2 are overexpressed in psoriasis, while in atopic dermatitis, their expression is decreased. The present review provides an up-to-date summary of the expression and the biological roles of the antimicrobial peptides found in the skin and gastrointestinal mucosa of the host, in normal and pathological conditions. The involvement of these natural antimicrobial peptides in inflammation, is also discussed.
Keywords: Innate immunity, antimicrobial peptides, skin, gut, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, Crohn's disease, inflammation
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Antimicrobial Peptides Present in Mammalian Skin and Gut are Multifunctional Defence Molecules
Volume: 16 Issue: 9
Author(s): Marie-Helene Metz-Boutigue, Peiman Shooshtarizadeh, Gilles Prevost, Youssef Haikel and Jean-Francois Chich
Affiliation:
Keywords: Innate immunity, antimicrobial peptides, skin, gut, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, Crohn's disease, inflammation
Abstract: Antimicrobial peptides are major components of the innate immune defence. They are well conserved along evolution, nontoxic and they ensure potent defences against a large number of pathogens. They act by direct killing of microorganisms and they possess additional roles in the regulation of adaptive immune responses, by recruting or stimulating immune cells. Skin and gut are positioned at the interface of internal milieu and external environment. They represent a physical and chemical barrier against pathogens invasion and the antimicrobial peptides limit pathogen growth in normal conditions. During infection or injury, some of these peptides are overexpressed and disrupt microbial membranes and/or stimulate immune cell recruitment, allowing to return to homeostasis or to increase inflammation. Antimicrobial peptides expression is altered in several diseases: α-defensins deficiency is related with Crohns disease and in skin, cathelicidin LL-37 and β-defensin-2 are overexpressed in psoriasis, while in atopic dermatitis, their expression is decreased. The present review provides an up-to-date summary of the expression and the biological roles of the antimicrobial peptides found in the skin and gastrointestinal mucosa of the host, in normal and pathological conditions. The involvement of these natural antimicrobial peptides in inflammation, is also discussed.
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Cite this article as:
Metz-Boutigue Marie-Helene, Shooshtarizadeh Peiman, Prevost Gilles, Haikel Youssef and Chich Jean-Francois, Antimicrobial Peptides Present in Mammalian Skin and Gut are Multifunctional Defence Molecules, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2010; 16 (9) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161210790963823
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161210790963823 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
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