Abstract
According to World Health Organization (WHO)/Joint United Nations Programme on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) (UNAIDS) Report in 2007, 33.2 million people are living with HIV, 2.5 million ones have been newly infected with HIV, and 2.1 million ones died from AIDS, including 330,000 children. Therefore, HIV/AIDS still remains a public health emergency and a leading cause of mortality worldwide. It is believed that reverse transcriptase (RT) is a crucial enzyme in the life cycle of HIV-1, and thereby RT has been the important drug target for antiretroviral (ARV) chemotherapy against AIDS. To our knowledge, dipyridodiazepinone analogs have been considered as one class of potential non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), especially the structurally and chemically related nevirapine (Viramune®), which was the first NNRTI approved by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of HIV-1 infection for adults in 1996 and for children in 1998. This review mainly highlights the progress of synthesis and structure-activity relationship (SAR) of dipyridodiazepinone analogs; in the meantime, the mechanism of action is also presented. It will pave the way for the design and development of novel dipyridodiazepinone analogs as NNRTIs in AIDS chemotherapy in the future.
Keywords: Dipyridodiazepinone, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, human immunodeficiency virus type 1, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, structure-activity relationship, mechanism of action
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Dipyridodiazepinone Analogs as Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1- Specific Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors: An Overview
Volume: 17 Issue: 18
Author(s): M. Lv and H. Xu
Affiliation:
Keywords: Dipyridodiazepinone, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, human immunodeficiency virus type 1, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, structure-activity relationship, mechanism of action
Abstract: According to World Health Organization (WHO)/Joint United Nations Programme on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) (UNAIDS) Report in 2007, 33.2 million people are living with HIV, 2.5 million ones have been newly infected with HIV, and 2.1 million ones died from AIDS, including 330,000 children. Therefore, HIV/AIDS still remains a public health emergency and a leading cause of mortality worldwide. It is believed that reverse transcriptase (RT) is a crucial enzyme in the life cycle of HIV-1, and thereby RT has been the important drug target for antiretroviral (ARV) chemotherapy against AIDS. To our knowledge, dipyridodiazepinone analogs have been considered as one class of potential non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), especially the structurally and chemically related nevirapine (Viramune®), which was the first NNRTI approved by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of HIV-1 infection for adults in 1996 and for children in 1998. This review mainly highlights the progress of synthesis and structure-activity relationship (SAR) of dipyridodiazepinone analogs; in the meantime, the mechanism of action is also presented. It will pave the way for the design and development of novel dipyridodiazepinone analogs as NNRTIs in AIDS chemotherapy in the future.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Lv M. and Xu H., Dipyridodiazepinone Analogs as Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1- Specific Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors: An Overview, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2010; 17 (18) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986710791163902
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986710791163902 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
The Induction of Proinflammatory Cytokines in Response to Avian Influenza H5N1 Infections and their Role in Pathogenesis and the Enhancement of Virulence
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry The Role of Selenium in Oxidative Stress and in Nonthyroidal Illness Syndrome (NTIS): An Overview
Current Medicinal Chemistry Nutraceuticals and Bio-inspired Materials from Microalgae and their Future Perspectives
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Chondroitin Sulphate for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents Noradrenaline in Parkinsons Disease: From Disease Progression to Current Therapeutics
Current Medicinal Chemistry Synthetic Lethality to Overcome Cancer Drug Resistance
Current Medicinal Chemistry Targeting of Adhesion Molecules as a Therapeutic Strategy in Multiple Myeloma
Current Cancer Drug Targets Honey as a Source of Dietary Antioxidants: Structures, Bioavailability and Evidence of Protective Effects Against Human Chronic Diseases
Current Medicinal Chemistry Cartilage and Bone Extracellular Matrix
Current Pharmaceutical Design Development of RNA Aptamer-Based Therapeutic Agents
Current Medicinal Chemistry Current and Future Drugs for Appetite Regulation and Obesity Treatment
Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery Acute Kidney Injury, Hyperbilirubinemia, and Ischemic Skin Necrosis Due to Massive Sulindac Overdose
Current Drug Safety Estrogen, A Double-Edged Sword: Modulation of TH1- and TH2-Mediated Inflammations by Differential Regulation of TH1 / TH2 Cytokine Production
Current Drug Targets - Inflammation & Allergy Actions of Rho-Kinase Inhibitors in Cardiovascular Diseases
Current Enzyme Inhibition Nucleic Acid-Based Aptamers: Applications, Development and Clinical Trials
Current Medicinal Chemistry Carotid Intima Media Thickness and Beyond
Current Drug Targets - Cardiovascular & Hematological Disorders Recent Progress in FKBP Ligand Development
Current Molecular Pharmacology Bacteria and Bacterial Toxins as Therapeutic Agents for Solid Tumors
Current Cancer Drug Targets Antibody Engineering for Targeted Therapy of Cancer Recombinant Fv-Immunotoxins
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Low Cardiac Output Syndrome after Pediatric Cardiac Surgery
Current Vascular Pharmacology