Abstract
Besides the importance of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the circulation and other organs, the local RAS in the kidney has attracted a great attention in research in last decades. The renal RAS plays an important role in the body fluid homeostasis and long-term cardiovascular regulation. All major components and key enzymes for the establishment of a local RAS as well as two important angiotensin II (Ang II) receptor subtypes, AT1 and AT2 receptors, have been confirmed in the kidney. In addition to renal contribution to the systemic RAS, the intrarenal RAS plays a critical role in the regulation of renal function as well as in the development of kidney disease. Notably, kidney AT1 receptors located at different cells and compartments inside the kidney are important for normal renal physiological functions and abnormal pathophysiological processes. This mini-review focuses on: 1) the local renal RAS and its receptors, particularly the AT1 receptor and its mechanisms in physiological and pathophysiological processes, and 2) the chemistry of the selective AT1 receptor blocker, losartan, and the potential mechanisms for its actions in the renal RAS-mediated disease.
Keywords: AT1 blocker, renal RAS, renal remodeling, losartan
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Losartan Chemistry and Its Effects via AT1 Mechanisms in the Kidney
Volume: 16 Issue: 28
Author(s): Feichao Xu, Caiping Mao, Yujuan Liu, Lei Wu, Zhice Xu and Lubo Zhang
Affiliation:
Keywords: AT1 blocker, renal RAS, renal remodeling, losartan
Abstract: Besides the importance of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the circulation and other organs, the local RAS in the kidney has attracted a great attention in research in last decades. The renal RAS plays an important role in the body fluid homeostasis and long-term cardiovascular regulation. All major components and key enzymes for the establishment of a local RAS as well as two important angiotensin II (Ang II) receptor subtypes, AT1 and AT2 receptors, have been confirmed in the kidney. In addition to renal contribution to the systemic RAS, the intrarenal RAS plays a critical role in the regulation of renal function as well as in the development of kidney disease. Notably, kidney AT1 receptors located at different cells and compartments inside the kidney are important for normal renal physiological functions and abnormal pathophysiological processes. This mini-review focuses on: 1) the local renal RAS and its receptors, particularly the AT1 receptor and its mechanisms in physiological and pathophysiological processes, and 2) the chemistry of the selective AT1 receptor blocker, losartan, and the potential mechanisms for its actions in the renal RAS-mediated disease.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Xu Feichao, Mao Caiping, Liu Yujuan, Wu Lei, Xu Zhice and Zhang Lubo, Losartan Chemistry and Its Effects via AT1 Mechanisms in the Kidney, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2009; 16 (28) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986709789105000
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986709789105000 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Approaches to the treatment of chronic inflammation
Chronic inflammation is a hallmark of numerous diseases, significantly impacting global health. Although chronic inflammation is a hot topic, not much has been written about approaches to its treatment. This thematic issue aims to showcase the latest advancements in chronic inflammation treatment and foster discussion on future directions in this ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Determination of Bioactive Constituents in Traditional Chinese Medicines by CE with Electrochemical Detection
Current Medicinal Chemistry Arterial Stiffness and Cardiovascular Drugs
Current Pharmaceutical Design Interaction of Nerve Agent Antidotes with Cholinergic Systems
Current Medicinal Chemistry TRPV1: On the Road to Pain Relief
Current Molecular Pharmacology Unfolded Protein Response as a Therapeutic Target in Cardiovascular Disease
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in HIV-infected Patients
Current Hypertension Reviews Sesame Seed Lignans: Potent Physiological Modulators and Possible Ingredients in Functional Foods & Nutraceuticals
Recent Patents on Food, Nutrition & Agriculture The Malignant Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome (MOHS)
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1, a Potential Predicative Biomarker for Postoperative Delirium Among Elderly Patients with Open Abdominal Surgery
Current Pharmaceutical Design Pleiotropic Effects of Drugs Inhibiting the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
Current Pharmaceutical Design The Promising Pharmacological Effects and Therapeutic/Medicinal Applications of Punica Granatum L. (Pomegranate) as a Functional Food in Humans and Animals
Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery Hydrogen Sulphide in Heart and Systemic Circulation
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Novel Anticancer Targets and Drug Discovery in Post Genomic Age
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Cancer Agents Systemic Sclerosis-Related Interstitial Lung Disease
Current Respiratory Medicine Reviews ATP-Sensitive Potassium Channel Openers and 2,3-Dimethyl-2-Butylamine Derivatives
Current Medicinal Chemistry Mechanisms and Drug Targets for Pancreatic Cancer Chemoprevention
Current Medicinal Chemistry Current Therapeutic Options for the Treatment of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
Current Rheumatology Reviews Hypertension and Concurrent Arrhythmias
Current Pharmaceutical Design Synthesis and Antithrombotic Activity Study of Some New Thienopyridine Derivatives
Letters in Organic Chemistry Cholinesterase Inhibitors Slow Decline in Executive Functions, Rather than Memory, in Alzheimers Disease: A 1-Year Observational Study in the Sunnybrook Dementia Cohort
Current Alzheimer Research