Abstract
Long term caloric restriction is known to counteract aging and extend lifespan in several organisms from yeasts to mammals. Recent research has provided solid ground to the concept that limiting calorie intake slows down brain aging and protects from age-related neurodegenerative diseases. The present review summarizes the most relevant among these data and highlights some genetic and molecular mechanisms responsible for caloric restriction-related neuroprotection. To understand these mechanisms is important because this information makes them potential targets for therapeutic intervention aimed at reproducing the metabolic, genetic and molecular features responsible for the beneficial effect of caloric restriction. Most promising among these targets are neurotrophins, such as BDNF, transcription factors, such as FoxO and PPAR, anti-aging proteins, such as sirtuins, and caloric restriction mimetics acting on oxidative stress and energy metabolism. Notwithstanding the complexity of any therapeutic strategy aimed at reproducing the beneficial effects of caloric restriction, due to multiplicity of the cellular pathways involved in the responses, a great expansion of medicinal chemistry research in this field is expected in the next future.
Keywords: Caloric restriction, aging, neurodegeneration, neuroprotection, neurotrophic factors, transcription factors, sirtuins, caloric restriction mimetics
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Benefits of Caloric Restriction on Brain Aging and Related Pathological States: Understanding Mechanisms to Devise Novel Therapies
Volume: 16 Issue: 3
Author(s): Antonio Contestabile
Affiliation:
Keywords: Caloric restriction, aging, neurodegeneration, neuroprotection, neurotrophic factors, transcription factors, sirtuins, caloric restriction mimetics
Abstract: Long term caloric restriction is known to counteract aging and extend lifespan in several organisms from yeasts to mammals. Recent research has provided solid ground to the concept that limiting calorie intake slows down brain aging and protects from age-related neurodegenerative diseases. The present review summarizes the most relevant among these data and highlights some genetic and molecular mechanisms responsible for caloric restriction-related neuroprotection. To understand these mechanisms is important because this information makes them potential targets for therapeutic intervention aimed at reproducing the metabolic, genetic and molecular features responsible for the beneficial effect of caloric restriction. Most promising among these targets are neurotrophins, such as BDNF, transcription factors, such as FoxO and PPAR, anti-aging proteins, such as sirtuins, and caloric restriction mimetics acting on oxidative stress and energy metabolism. Notwithstanding the complexity of any therapeutic strategy aimed at reproducing the beneficial effects of caloric restriction, due to multiplicity of the cellular pathways involved in the responses, a great expansion of medicinal chemistry research in this field is expected in the next future.
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Contestabile Antonio, Benefits of Caloric Restriction on Brain Aging and Related Pathological States: Understanding Mechanisms to Devise Novel Therapies, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2009; 16 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986709787002637
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986709787002637 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
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