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Anti-Infective Agents in Medicinal Chemistry

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1871-5214
ISSN (Online): 1875-6018

Anti-inflammatory Properties of Lactic Acid Bacteria: Current Knowledge,Applications and Prospects

Author(s): Jean Guy LeBlanc, Alejandra de Moreno de LeBlanc, Gabriela Perdigon, Anderson Miyoshi, Tatiana Rochat, Luis Bermudez-Humaran, Philippe Langella, Fernando Sesma and Vasco Azevedo

Volume 7, Issue 3, 2008

Page: [148 - 154] Pages: 7

DOI: 10.2174/187152108784911287

Price: $65

Abstract

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) represent a heterogeneous group of microorganisms that are naturally present in many foods. Some selected strains are frequently added as probiotics in order to confer specific benefits to consumers. Many studies have shown that LAB possess therapeutic properties since they are able to prevent the development of some diseases, as shown mostly on animal models for cancer, infections and gastrointestinal disorders such as intestinal inflammation. They have been shown to regulate mucosal immune responses by modulating the production and liberation of regulatory agents such as cytokines by the host. Some of these cytokines, such as the anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 (IL-10), modulate the inflammatory immune response, thus immunomodulation is a mechanism by which LAB can prevent certain inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Since oxidative stress participates to the inflammatory processes and to the appearance of damages in pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract of humans such as IBD, LAB could also prevent inflammation by eliminating reactive oxygen species (ROS) through the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Engineering LAB to produce either antioxidant enzymes (such as catalases and superoxide dismutases) or antiinflammatory cytokines (such as IL-10) is a strategy currently exploited by several groups. These novel strains have successfully been used to prevent inflammatory bowel diseases in animal models and could be evaluated in human clinical trials. Here, we present an overview of the current knowledge of the mechanisms by which LAB can be used to prevent undesired intestinal inflammatory responses.

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