Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide at an alarming rate due to population growth, obesity, sedentary lifestyle and aging. Consequently, diabetic microvascular complications (retinopathy and nephropathy) and macrovascular complications (coronary heart disease, peripheral arterial disease and cerebrovascular disease) are also rising. Traditional oral hypoglycaemic agents only partially prevent the development of these complications. This suggests that selective treatment options that target specific biological pathways (i.e. metabolic factors, intracellular signaling proteins and growth factors) may be a more effective strategy. Type 1 and Type 2 diabetic animal models have been produced spontaneously by selective inbreeding or by genetic modification, as well as, pharmacological induction. These models have become a safe and reliable option to test the therapeutic potential of novel drugs. They also help to understand the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus. This review highlights the most commonly used animal models for the treatment of diabetic micro and macrovascular complications.
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, animal models, microvascular complications, macrovascular complications
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title: Animal Models of Diabetes Mellitus: Relevance to Vascular Complications
Volume: 14 Issue: 4
Author(s): Cecil S. Thompson
Affiliation:
Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, animal models, microvascular complications, macrovascular complications
Abstract: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus is increasing worldwide at an alarming rate due to population growth, obesity, sedentary lifestyle and aging. Consequently, diabetic microvascular complications (retinopathy and nephropathy) and macrovascular complications (coronary heart disease, peripheral arterial disease and cerebrovascular disease) are also rising. Traditional oral hypoglycaemic agents only partially prevent the development of these complications. This suggests that selective treatment options that target specific biological pathways (i.e. metabolic factors, intracellular signaling proteins and growth factors) may be a more effective strategy. Type 1 and Type 2 diabetic animal models have been produced spontaneously by selective inbreeding or by genetic modification, as well as, pharmacological induction. These models have become a safe and reliable option to test the therapeutic potential of novel drugs. They also help to understand the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus. This review highlights the most commonly used animal models for the treatment of diabetic micro and macrovascular complications.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Thompson S. Cecil, Animal Models of Diabetes Mellitus: Relevance to Vascular Complications, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2008; 14 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161208783497679
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138161208783497679 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Hypertension: Basics Concepts and the Evolving Role of Novel Treatments
Current Hypertension Reviews Lone Atrial Fibrillation- A Diagnosis of Exclusion
Current Pharmaceutical Design Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Cardiovascular Disease in Metabolic Syndrome
Current Pharmaceutical Design Diagnostic Value of Postprandial Triglyceride Testing in Healthy Subjects:A Meta-Analysis
Current Vascular Pharmacology Cyanotic Congenital Heart Disease The Coronary Arterial Circulation
Current Cardiology Reviews Designed Multiple Ligands: Basic Research vs Clinical Outcomes
Current Medicinal Chemistry Functional Food: Product Development and Health Benefits
Recent Patents on Engineering Migraine and Coronary Artery Disease: An Open Study on the Genetic Polymorphism of the 5, 10 Methylenetetrahydrofolate (MTHFR) and Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Genes
Central Nervous System Agents in Medicinal Chemistry The Role of Streptokinase as a Virulence Determinant of Streptococcus pyogenes – Potential for Therapeutic Targeting
Current Drug Targets Natalizumab Modifies Catecholamines Levels Present in Patients with Relapsing- Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
Current Pharmaceutical Design Current Treatment of Psoriasis with Biologics
Current Drug Discovery Technologies Nanotechnology for Delivery of Drugs and Biomedical Applications
Current Clinical Pharmacology Psychosocial Implications During Adolescence for Infant Heart Transplant Recipients
Current Cardiology Reviews Management of Hypertension in Patients with Aortic Valvular Stenosis
Current Hypertension Reviews UCLA’s Molecular Screening Shared Resource: Enhancing Small Molecule Discovery with Functional Genomics and New Technology
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Cardiotonic Steroids in Adaptation to Dietary Salt Intake
Current Clinical Pharmacology Recent Advances in Metabolomics
Current Metabolomics Understanding Effects of Psychological Stress on Physiology and Disease Through Human Stressome - An Integral Algorithm
Current Bioinformatics Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Mononuclear Phagocyte Interactions:Emerging Avenues of Biomarker Discovery, Modes of Viral Persistence and Disease Pathogenesis
Current HIV Research Antiplatelet and Antithrombotic Therapy After Patent Foramen Oval and Atrial Septal Defect Closure
Current Pharmaceutical Design