Abstract
γ δ T lymphocytes are involved in the defence from viral and mycobacterial infections; however they are also responsible for autoimmune reactions. Herein, we discuss the characteristics of these cells, focusing on the mechanism(s) underlying extravasation and tissue localization. We show that Vδ1 and Vδ2 γ δT cells display differential expression of adhesion molecules and chemokine receptors, the former being preferentially PECAM-1+CXCR4+, the latter expressing NKRP1A and CXCR3. The two cell populations transmigrate across endothelial cells by activation of distinct kinase pathways and in response to interferon-γ-inducing protein-10 (IP-10/CXCL10) or stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1/CXCL12) according to the expression of the specific receptors CXCR3 and CXCR4. IP-10/CXCL10 and SDF-1/CXCL12-induced transmigration are phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI-3K) and Akt/PKB-dependent. In addition, occupancy of CXCR3, but not of CXCR4, leads to CAMKII activation; blocking of CAMKII decreases IP-10/CXCL10 and 6Ckine/SLC/CCL21- driven transmigration. We report that HIV-1-infected patients have an increased number of circulating Vδ1 T cells possibly due to the interference of Tat protein on the function of chemokine receptors. In turn, patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS), display an increase in peripheral Vδ2 γ δ T cells and this is related to interleukin-12-mediated upregulation of NKRP1A. Finally, the possible role of γ δ T lymphocytes in post-transplantation immune reconstitution is discussed.
Keywords: γ δ T lymphocytes, Multiple Sclerosis, HIV-1, Migration, CAMKII, PI-3K, NKRP1A, PECAM1
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Adhesion Molecules and Kinases Involved in γ δ T Cells Migratory Pathways:Implications for Viral and Autoimmune Diseases
Volume: 14 Issue: 30
Author(s): Alessandro Poggi, Silvia Catellani, Daniela Fenoglio, Giovanna Borsellino, Luca Battistini and Maria Raffaella Zocchi
Affiliation:
Keywords: γ δ T lymphocytes, Multiple Sclerosis, HIV-1, Migration, CAMKII, PI-3K, NKRP1A, PECAM1
Abstract: γ δ T lymphocytes are involved in the defence from viral and mycobacterial infections; however they are also responsible for autoimmune reactions. Herein, we discuss the characteristics of these cells, focusing on the mechanism(s) underlying extravasation and tissue localization. We show that Vδ1 and Vδ2 γ δT cells display differential expression of adhesion molecules and chemokine receptors, the former being preferentially PECAM-1+CXCR4+, the latter expressing NKRP1A and CXCR3. The two cell populations transmigrate across endothelial cells by activation of distinct kinase pathways and in response to interferon-γ-inducing protein-10 (IP-10/CXCL10) or stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1/CXCL12) according to the expression of the specific receptors CXCR3 and CXCR4. IP-10/CXCL10 and SDF-1/CXCL12-induced transmigration are phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI-3K) and Akt/PKB-dependent. In addition, occupancy of CXCR3, but not of CXCR4, leads to CAMKII activation; blocking of CAMKII decreases IP-10/CXCL10 and 6Ckine/SLC/CCL21- driven transmigration. We report that HIV-1-infected patients have an increased number of circulating Vδ1 T cells possibly due to the interference of Tat protein on the function of chemokine receptors. In turn, patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS), display an increase in peripheral Vδ2 γ δ T cells and this is related to interleukin-12-mediated upregulation of NKRP1A. Finally, the possible role of γ δ T lymphocytes in post-transplantation immune reconstitution is discussed.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Poggi Alessandro, Catellani Silvia, Fenoglio Daniela, Borsellino Giovanna, Battistini Luca and Zocchi Raffaella Maria, Adhesion Molecules and Kinases Involved in γ δ T Cells Migratory Pathways:Implications for Viral and Autoimmune Diseases, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2007; 14 (30) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986707782793835
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/092986707782793835 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
Current advances in inherited cardiomyopathy
Describe in detail all novel advances in multimodality imaging related to inherited cardiomyopathy diagnosis and prognosis. Shed light to deeper phenotypic characterization. Acknowledge recent advances in genetics, genomics and precision medicineread more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Lipid-Based Nanocarriers for RNA Delivery
Current Pharmaceutical Design Guar Gum and HPMC Coated Colon Targeted Delivery of 6-Mercapto-Purine
The Natural Products Journal Multiple Sclerosis Therapy Monitoring Based on Gene Expression
Current Pharmaceutical Design Porphyrin Metabolisms in Human Skin Commensal Propionibacterium acnes Bacteria: Potential Application to Monitor Human Radiation Risk
Current Medicinal Chemistry Antibody Penetration Into Living Cells: Pathogenic, Preventive and Immuno-Therapeutic Implications
Current Pharmaceutical Design Interferon gama induced Tryptophan Degradation Neuropsychiatric and Immunological Consequences
Current Drug Metabolism Recent Developments in the Discovery of Selective Glucocorticoid Receptor Modulators (SGRMs)
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Analogs of the Sea Anemone Potassium Channel Blocker ShK for the Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases
Inflammation & Allergy - Drug Targets (Discontinued) Sphingolipids in Cell Signaling: Their Function as Receptor Ligands, Second Messengers, and Raft Constituents
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Heme Oxygenase-1 as a Target for the Design of Gene and Pharmaceutical Therapies for Autoimmune Diseases
Current Gene Therapy Targeting Regulatory T Cells in the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Current Molecular Medicine Effects of Antioxidant Polyphenols on TNF-Alpha-Related Diseases
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Current and Future Therapeutic Targets of Rheumatoid Arthritis
Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Targeting of Th1-Associated Chemokine Receptors CXCR3 and CCR5 as Therapeutic Strategy for Inflammatory Diseases
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Clinical Applications of Autoimmunity to Citrullinated Proteins in Rheumatoid Arthritis, from Improving Diagnostics to Future Therapies
Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery Molecular Mechanism of the Affinity Interactions between BAFF and Its Peptides by Molecular Simulations
Protein & Peptide Letters Chinese Herbs as Immunomodulators and Potential Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs in Autoimmune Disorders
Current Drug Metabolism Micro- and Nano-particulate Strategies for Antigen Specific Immune Tolerance to Treat Autoimmune Diseases
Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Danger-Detector NKG2D: Immunosurveillance of Induced Self and Modulation by Cytokines and Soluble Ligands
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Inflammatory & Anti-Allergy Agents Recent Advances in Regulatory T Cell Therapy of Autoimmunity, Graft Rejection and Cancer
Recent Patents on Inflammation & Allergy Drug Discovery