Abstract
Semicarbazide-sensitive amine-oxidase (SSAO) is present in various human tissues and in plasma. Oxidative deamination of short-chain aliphatic amines is catalyzed by this enzyme to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ammonia and hydrogen peroxide. Methylamine and aminoacetone have been recognized to be physiological substrates for SSAO. There are several pathological states where increased serum SSAO activity have been found, such as diabetes mellitus, congestive heart failure, multiple types of cerebral infarction, uraemia, and hepatic cirrhosis. The role of SSAO in pathophysiology of diabetes has been most extensively investigated. The elevated formation of the potentially cytotoxic products of the enzyme may contribute to the endothelial injury of blood vessels, resulting in the early development of severe atherosclerosis; it may also contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic angiopathy. It is now suggested that SSAO inhibitors may prevent the development of atherosclerosis and diabetic complications as well. Inhibitors can be conveniently subdivided into the main groups of hydrazine derivatives, arylalkylamines, propenyl- and propargylamines, oxazolidinones, and haloalkylamines. Of them, aryl(alkyl)hydrazines, and 3-halo-2-phenylallylamines are generally very strong SSAO inhibitors. Most of these inhibitors of SSAO have been originally developed for other purposes, or they are simple chemical reagents with highly reactive structural element(s); these compounds have not been able to fulfil all criteria of high potency, selectivity, and acceptable toxicity. New potent compounds with selectivity and low toxicity are needed, which may prove useful tools for understanding the roles and function of SSAO, or they may even be valuable substances for treatment of various diseases.
Keywords: semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (ssao), diabetes, atherosclerosis, vap-1, inhibitors, hydrazines, haloallylamines, haloalkylamines
Current Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Semicarbazide-Sensitive Amine Oxidase: Current Status and Perspectives
Volume: 11 Issue: 10
Author(s): P. Matyus, B. Dajka-Halasz, A. Foldi, N. Haider, D. Barlocco and K. Magyar
Affiliation:
Keywords: semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (ssao), diabetes, atherosclerosis, vap-1, inhibitors, hydrazines, haloallylamines, haloalkylamines
Abstract: Semicarbazide-sensitive amine-oxidase (SSAO) is present in various human tissues and in plasma. Oxidative deamination of short-chain aliphatic amines is catalyzed by this enzyme to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ammonia and hydrogen peroxide. Methylamine and aminoacetone have been recognized to be physiological substrates for SSAO. There are several pathological states where increased serum SSAO activity have been found, such as diabetes mellitus, congestive heart failure, multiple types of cerebral infarction, uraemia, and hepatic cirrhosis. The role of SSAO in pathophysiology of diabetes has been most extensively investigated. The elevated formation of the potentially cytotoxic products of the enzyme may contribute to the endothelial injury of blood vessels, resulting in the early development of severe atherosclerosis; it may also contribute to the pathogenesis of diabetic angiopathy. It is now suggested that SSAO inhibitors may prevent the development of atherosclerosis and diabetic complications as well. Inhibitors can be conveniently subdivided into the main groups of hydrazine derivatives, arylalkylamines, propenyl- and propargylamines, oxazolidinones, and haloalkylamines. Of them, aryl(alkyl)hydrazines, and 3-halo-2-phenylallylamines are generally very strong SSAO inhibitors. Most of these inhibitors of SSAO have been originally developed for other purposes, or they are simple chemical reagents with highly reactive structural element(s); these compounds have not been able to fulfil all criteria of high potency, selectivity, and acceptable toxicity. New potent compounds with selectivity and low toxicity are needed, which may prove useful tools for understanding the roles and function of SSAO, or they may even be valuable substances for treatment of various diseases.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Matyus P., Dajka-Halasz B., Foldi A., Haider N., Barlocco D. and Magyar K., Semicarbazide-Sensitive Amine Oxidase: Current Status and Perspectives, Current Medicinal Chemistry 2004; 11 (10) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867043365305
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929867043365305 |
Print ISSN 0929-8673 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-533X |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry: From Cancer to Chronic Diseases.
The broad spectrum of the issue will provide a comprehensive overview of emerging trends, novel therapeutic interventions, and translational insights that impact modern medicine. The primary focus will be diseases of global concern, including cancer, chronic pain, metabolic disorders, and autoimmune conditions, providing a broad overview of the advancements in ...read more
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Non-Infectious Inflammatory Diseases: Focus on Clinical Implications
The Special Issue covers the results of the studies on cellular and molecular mechanisms of non-infectious inflammatory diseases, in particular, autoimmune rheumatic diseases, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and other age-related disorders such as type II diabetes, cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, etc. Review and research articles as well as methodology papers that summarize ...read more
Chalcogen-modified nucleic acid analogues
Chalcogen-modified nucleosides, nucleotides and oligonucleotides have been of great interest to scientific research for many years. The replacement of oxygen in the nucleobase, sugar or phosphate backbone by chalcogen atoms (sulfur, selenium, tellurium) gives these biomolecules unique properties resulting from their altered physical and chemical properties. The continuing interest in ...read more
Current advances in inherited cardiomyopathy
Describe in detail all novel advances in multimodality imaging related to inherited cardiomyopathy diagnosis and prognosis. Shed light to deeper phenotypic characterization. Acknowledge recent advances in genetics, genomics and precision medicineread more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Is Targeting microRNAs the Philosopher’s Stone for Vascular Disease?
Current Vascular Pharmacology Pharmacogenetic Aspects of Therapy with Cholinesterase Inhibitors: The Role of CYP2D6 in Alzheimers Disease Pharmacogenetics
Current Alzheimer Research State of the Art Clinical Efficacy and Safety Evaluation of N-Acetylcarnosine Dipeptide Ophthalmic Prodrug. Principles for the Delivery, Self-Bioactivation, Molecular Targets and Interaction with a Highly Evolved Histidyl-Hydrazide Structure in the Treatment and Therapeutic Management of a Group of Sight-Threatening Eye Diseases
Current Clinical Pharmacology Role of Trisomy 21 Mosaicism in Sporadic and Familial Alzheimer’s Disease
Current Alzheimer Research Disrupting β-Amyloid Aggregation for Alzheimer Disease Treatment
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Biological Signatures of Alzheimer’s Disease
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Impaired Neurovascular Coupling in the APPxPS1 Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease
Current Alzheimer Research Collateral Damage: Contribution of Peripheral Inflammation to Neurodegenerative Diseases
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Involvement of the Toxic AGEs (TAGE)-RAGE System in the Pathogenesis of Diabetic Vascular Complications: A Novel Therapeutic Strategy
Current Drug Targets Editorial: (Thematic Issue: Vascular Pathophysiology of Alzheimer`s Disease)
Current Alzheimer Research Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Early Dry Skin Disorder: A Comparison Study Between Primary and Tertiary Care in Indonesia
Current Diabetes Reviews Cross Currents in Protein Misfolding Disorders: Interactions and Therapy
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Alternative Routes for the Formation of Immunochemically Distinct Advanced Glycation End-products In Vivo
Current Molecular Medicine VEGF Mediates ApoE4-Induced Neovascularization and Synaptic Pathology in the Choroid and Retina
Current Alzheimer Research Adrenomedullin Expression in Alzheimer's Brain
Current Alzheimer Research Neuroretinal Apoptosis as a Vascular Dysfunction in Diabetic Patients
Current Neuropharmacology Protein Aggregation in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Insights from Computational Analyses
Current Bioinformatics Changes in the Expression of the Alzheimers Disease-Associated Presenilin Gene in Drosophila Heart Leads to Cardiac Dysfunction
Current Alzheimer Research Renin-Angiotensin System in Central Nervous System Diseases and its Interaction with COVID-19
Current Medicinal Chemistry Management of Dyslipidaemia for the Prevention of Stroke: Clinical Practice Recommendations from the Lipid Association of India
Current Vascular Pharmacology