Abstract
Host defense peptides are a vital component of the innate immune systems of humans, other mammals, amphibians, and arthropods. The related cationic antimicrobial peptides are also produced by many species of bacteria and function as part of the antimicrobial arsenal to help the producing organism reduce competition for resources from sensitive species. The antimicrobial activities of many of these peptides have been extensively characterized and the structural requirements for these activities are also becoming increasingly clear. In addition to their known antimicrobial role, many host defense peptides are also involved in a plethora of immune functions in the host. In this review, we examine the role of structure in determining antimicrobial activity of certain prototypical cationic peptides and ways that bacteria have evolved to usurp these activities. We also review recent literature on what structural components are related to these immunomodulatory effects. It must be stressed however that these studies, and the area of peptide research, are still in their infancy.
Keywords: cationic antimicrobial peptide, intracellular targets, bacterial membrane, polyphemusin, lipopolysaccharide (lps), phosphatidylglycerol (pg), electrophorese, hydrophobic moment, gramicidin s (gs), gram-negative bacteria
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening
Title: Design of Host Defence Peptides for Antimicrobial and Immunity Enhancing Activities
Volume: 8 Issue: 3
Author(s): Joseph B. McPhee, Monisha G. Scott and Robert E. W. Hancock
Affiliation:
Keywords: cationic antimicrobial peptide, intracellular targets, bacterial membrane, polyphemusin, lipopolysaccharide (lps), phosphatidylglycerol (pg), electrophorese, hydrophobic moment, gramicidin s (gs), gram-negative bacteria
Abstract: Host defense peptides are a vital component of the innate immune systems of humans, other mammals, amphibians, and arthropods. The related cationic antimicrobial peptides are also produced by many species of bacteria and function as part of the antimicrobial arsenal to help the producing organism reduce competition for resources from sensitive species. The antimicrobial activities of many of these peptides have been extensively characterized and the structural requirements for these activities are also becoming increasingly clear. In addition to their known antimicrobial role, many host defense peptides are also involved in a plethora of immune functions in the host. In this review, we examine the role of structure in determining antimicrobial activity of certain prototypical cationic peptides and ways that bacteria have evolved to usurp these activities. We also review recent literature on what structural components are related to these immunomodulatory effects. It must be stressed however that these studies, and the area of peptide research, are still in their infancy.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
McPhee B. Joseph, Scott G. Monisha and Hancock E. W. Robert, Design of Host Defence Peptides for Antimicrobial and Immunity Enhancing Activities, Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening 2005; 8 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1386207053764558
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1386207053764558 |
Print ISSN 1386-2073 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5402 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
Artificial Intelligence Methods for Biomedical, Biochemical and Bioinformatics Problems
Recently, a large number of technologies based on artificial intelligence have been developed and applied to solve a diverse range of problems in the areas of biomedical, biochemical and bioinformatics problems. By utilizing powerful computing resources and massive amounts of data, methods based on artificial intelligence can significantly improve the ...read more
Eco-friendly Agents for Biological Control of Pathogenic Diseases
The discovery of an alternative biological approach to disease management includes work on medicinal products derived from natural sources as a starting point for the development of eco-friendly agents for these diseases and the injuries they cause, as well as reducing human contact with hazardous chemicals and their residues. We ...read more
Emerging trends in diseases mechanisms, noble drug targets and therapeutic strategies: focus on immunological and inflammatory disorders
Recently infectious and inflammatory diseases have been a key concern worldwide due to tremendous morbidity and mortality world Wide. Recent, nCOVID-9 pandemic is a good example for the emerging infectious disease outbreak. The world is facing many emerging and re-emerging diseases out breaks at present however, there is huge lack ...read more
Exploring Spectral Graph Theory in Combinatorial Chemistry
Scope of the Thematic Issue: Combinatorial chemistry involves the synthesis and analysis of a large number of diverse compounds simultaneously. Traditional methods rely on brute force experimentation, which can be time-consuming and resource-intensive. Spectral Graph Theory, a branch of mathematics dealing with the properties of graphs in relation to the ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
Related Articles
-
The Role of the Stress-Related Anti-Inflammatory Hormones ACTH and Cortisol in Atherosclerosis
Current Vascular Pharmacology Inhibition of Sphingomyelin Hydrolysis: Targeting the Lipid Mediator Ceramide as a Key Regulator of Cellular Fate
Current Medicinal Chemistry Current Opinion in the Pharmaceutical Management of Irritable and Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Role of ATP
Recent Patents on Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Drug Discovery Recent Patents on Emerging Therapeutics for the Treatment of Glaucoma, Age Related Macular Degeneration and Uveitis
Recent Patents on Biomedical Engineering (Discontinued) The Role of Lifestyle Change in the Prevention and Treatment of NAFLD
Current Pharmaceutical Design Evaluation of Drug Transporter Interactions in Drug Discovery and Development
Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening Therapeutic Strategies for Huntingtons Disease: From the Bench to the Clinic
Current Psychopharmacology Mesenchymal Stromal Cells from Umbilical Cord Blood
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Enzymatic Properties and Physiological Roles of Cytosolic 5’-Nucleotidase II.
Current Medicinal Chemistry Overactive Bladder Symptoms in Patients with Fibromyalgia: A Systematic Case-Controlled Study
Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials Biochemical, Biomedical and Metabolic Aspects of Imidazole-Containing Dipeptides with the Inherent Complexity to Neurodegenerative Diseases and Various States of Mental Well-Being: A Challenging Correction and Neurotherapeutic Pharmaceutical Biotechnology for Treating Cognitive Deficits, Depression and Intellectual Disabilities
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology The Role of Renal Nerve Ablation for the Management of Resistant Hypertension and other Disease Conditions: Benefits and Concerns
Current Vascular Pharmacology Prediction of Drug-Drug Interactions Related to Inhibition or Induction of Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Hematologic Abnormalities in the Antiphospholipid Syndrome
Current Rheumatology Reviews Antimicrobial Activities of <i>Satureja khuzestanica</i> Jamzad; A Review
Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets Porphyrinic Polymers for Gas Sensing: An Overview
Current Organic Chemistry Proteins in Saccharides Matrices and the Trehalose Peculiarity: Biochemical and Biophysical Properties
Current Organic Chemistry Editorial [Hot Topics: Dendritic Cells of the Liver from Ontogenic Development to Cell-Based Immune Therapy (Guest Editor: Hiroto Kita)]
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Delayed Multiple Non-ischemic Cerebral Enhanced Lesions After Endovascular Therapy For Left Internal Carotid Aneurysm: A Case Report
Current Medical Imaging The Discovery and Development of Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs) for Clinical Practice
Current Clinical Pharmacology