Abstract
Ischemic brain injury is implicated in the pathophysiology of stroke and brain trauma, which are among the top killers worldwide, and intensive studies have been performed to reduce neural cell death after cerebral ischemia. Alpha 2- adrenergic agonists have been shown to improve the histomorphological and neurological outcome after cerebral ischemic injury when administered during ischemia, and recent studies have provided considerable evidence that alpha 2-adrenergic agonists can protect the brain from ischemia/reperfusion injury. Thus, alpha 2-adrenergic agonists are promising potential drugs in preventing cerebral ischemic injury, but the mechanisms by which alpha 2-adrenergic agonists exert their neuroprotective effect are unclear. Activation of both the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor and imidazoline receptor may be involved. This mini review examines the recent progress in alpha 2-adrenergic agonists - induced neuroprotection and its proposed mechanisms in cerebral ischemic injury.
Keywords: alpha -adrenergic agonist, adrenoceptor, imidazoline receptor, cerebral ischemia, neuroprotection, excitatory amino acids, sympathoinhibition, stroke
Current Neuropharmacology
Title: Neuroprotection by Alpha 2-Adrenergic Agonists in Cerebral Ischemia
Volume: 3 Issue: 4
Author(s): Y. Zhang and H. K. Kimelberg
Affiliation:
Keywords: alpha -adrenergic agonist, adrenoceptor, imidazoline receptor, cerebral ischemia, neuroprotection, excitatory amino acids, sympathoinhibition, stroke
Abstract: Ischemic brain injury is implicated in the pathophysiology of stroke and brain trauma, which are among the top killers worldwide, and intensive studies have been performed to reduce neural cell death after cerebral ischemia. Alpha 2- adrenergic agonists have been shown to improve the histomorphological and neurological outcome after cerebral ischemic injury when administered during ischemia, and recent studies have provided considerable evidence that alpha 2-adrenergic agonists can protect the brain from ischemia/reperfusion injury. Thus, alpha 2-adrenergic agonists are promising potential drugs in preventing cerebral ischemic injury, but the mechanisms by which alpha 2-adrenergic agonists exert their neuroprotective effect are unclear. Activation of both the alpha 2-adrenergic receptor and imidazoline receptor may be involved. This mini review examines the recent progress in alpha 2-adrenergic agonists - induced neuroprotection and its proposed mechanisms in cerebral ischemic injury.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Zhang Y. and Kimelberg K. H., Neuroprotection by Alpha 2-Adrenergic Agonists in Cerebral Ischemia, Current Neuropharmacology 2005; 3 (4) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157015905774322534
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157015905774322534 |
Print ISSN 1570-159X |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6190 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
ABC Transporters in Extrahepatic Tissues: Pharmacological Regulation in Heart and Intestine
Current Medicinal Chemistry Dynamic Factors Controlling Targeting Nanocarriers to Vascular Endothelium
Current Drug Metabolism Iptakalim Hydrochloride and Neuronal Protection
Current Neuropharmacology Cell Immunity in Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Current Immunology Reviews (Discontinued) Biochemical Markers of Renal Function
Current Medicinal Chemistry Does Erythropoietin Always Win?
Current Medicinal Chemistry 3D-QSAR Assisted Design of Novel 7-Deazapurine Derivatives as TNNI3K Kinase Inhibitors Using Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery Brain Endothelial Cell-Cell Junctions: How to “Open” the Blood Brain Barrier
Current Neuropharmacology Derivatives of Resveratrol: Potential Agents in Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease
Current Medicinal Chemistry CYLD-Mediated Signaling and Diseases
Current Drug Targets Nitroxides as Cancer Imaging Agents
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Compounds that Combine Aldose Reductase Inhibitory Activity and Ability to Prevent the Glycation (Glucation and/or Fructation) of Proteins as Putative Pharmacotherapeutic Agents
Drug Design Reviews - Online (Discontinued) Potential of Combination of Bone Marrow Nucleated and Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Complete Spinal Cord Injury
Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy Therapeutical Potential of CB<sub>2</sub> Receptors in Immune-Related Diseases
Current Molecular Pharmacology Research Progress of Mechanisms of Ceftriaxone Associated Nephrolithiasis
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry The Contribution of Formyl Peptide Receptor Dysfunction to the Course of Neuroinflammation: A Potential Role in the Brain Pathology
Current Neuropharmacology Synthesis and Evaluation of Indole Based Molecules for Treatment of Oxidative Stress Related Diseases
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Beta3-Adrenoreceptors in Cardiovasular Diseases: New Roles for an “Old” Receptor
Current Drug Delivery Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Bipolar Disorder - Almost Forgotten Therapeutic Drug Targets in the Unfolded Protein Response Pathway Revisited
CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: An Intensivist's Perspective
Current Women`s Health Reviews