Abstract
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a disease of over nutrition; the onset and progression of which, is associated with excess fat accumulation in the abdomen, muscles and liver. In this review, we focus on management of obesity as the primary strategy for management of disorders of glucose metabolism. Modest weight loss (∼7%) achieved by diet and exercise can prevent, or delay, the onset of T2DM. In those with established T2DM, weight loss reduces fasting and post-prandial plasma glucose levels, HbA1c, and the need for pharmacotherapy. The beneficial effects on glucose metabolism of caloric restriction, and aerobic and resistance exercise, may occur independently of weight loss. When substantial weight loss is required, meal replacements allow a large reduction in energy consumption whilst maintaining micronutrient intake. Pharmacotherapy for obesity, as part of an integrated management plan, is useful for maintaining weight loss and optimising glycaemic control. The most effective long-term therapy for obesity remains bariatric surgery, which is associated with resolution of T2DM in over 80% of patients. The currently available pharmacotherapies for T2DM mostly result in weight gain. Pramlintide and exenatide are new therapies which hold promise, because in addition to improved glycaemic control, they also result in weight loss.
Keywords: Obesity, Diabetes Mellitus
Current Diabetes Reviews
Title: Management of Obesity in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Volume: 3 Issue: 2
Author(s): Lucia Gagliardi and Gary Wittert
Affiliation:
Keywords: Obesity, Diabetes Mellitus
Abstract: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a disease of over nutrition; the onset and progression of which, is associated with excess fat accumulation in the abdomen, muscles and liver. In this review, we focus on management of obesity as the primary strategy for management of disorders of glucose metabolism. Modest weight loss (∼7%) achieved by diet and exercise can prevent, or delay, the onset of T2DM. In those with established T2DM, weight loss reduces fasting and post-prandial plasma glucose levels, HbA1c, and the need for pharmacotherapy. The beneficial effects on glucose metabolism of caloric restriction, and aerobic and resistance exercise, may occur independently of weight loss. When substantial weight loss is required, meal replacements allow a large reduction in energy consumption whilst maintaining micronutrient intake. Pharmacotherapy for obesity, as part of an integrated management plan, is useful for maintaining weight loss and optimising glycaemic control. The most effective long-term therapy for obesity remains bariatric surgery, which is associated with resolution of T2DM in over 80% of patients. The currently available pharmacotherapies for T2DM mostly result in weight gain. Pramlintide and exenatide are new therapies which hold promise, because in addition to improved glycaemic control, they also result in weight loss.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Gagliardi Lucia and Wittert Gary, Management of Obesity in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Current Diabetes Reviews 2007; 3 (2) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339907780598207
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/157339907780598207 |
Print ISSN 1573-3998 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-6417 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
24-Hour Blood Pressure Control – A Predictor for Clinical Outcomes
Current Hypertension Reviews Fetal Undernutrition and the Programming of Blood Pressure
Current Nutrition & Food Science The Current View on the Helicase Activity of RNA Helicase A and Its Role in Gene Expression
Current Protein & Peptide Science Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Drospirenone-Containing Oral Contraceptives; A Comparative-Safety Study
Current Drug Safety Recent Studies and Patents in Salivary Protein Biomarkers for Diabetes
Recent Patents on Biomarkers A Systematic Approach to Assess the Burden of Drug Interactions in Adult Kidney Transplant Patients
Current Drug Safety Glucagon Like Peptides-1 Modulators as Newer Target for Diabetes
Current Drug Targets Reverse Ayurvedic Pharmacology of Ashwagandha as an Adaptogenic Anti-Diabetic Plant: A Pilot Study
Current Traditional Medicine Diabetes-induced Epigenetic Signature in Vascular Cells
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Adynamic Ileus Induced by Varenicline
Current Drug Safety Targeting Farnesoid-X-Receptor: From Medicinal Chemistry to Disease Treatment
Current Medicinal Chemistry The Role of Physical Exercise and Omega-3 Fatty Acids in Depressive Illness in the Elderly
Current Neuropharmacology Can Antidiabetic Drugs Improve Male Reproductive (Dys)Function Associated with Diabetes?
Current Medicinal Chemistry Testosterone, Estradiol, and Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Meta-Analysis
Current Alzheimer Research Pituitary Dysfunction as a Cause of Cardiovascular Disease
Current Pharmaceutical Design Tissular Senescence and Modifications of Oral Ecosystem in the Elderly: Risk Factors for Mucosal Pathologies
Current Aging Science Recent Development of Anticancer Therapeutics Targeting Akt
Recent Patents on Anti-Cancer Drug Discovery Impact of Mitochondrial Toxicity of HIV-1 Antiretroviral Drugs on Lipodystrophy and Metabolic Dysregulation
Current Pharmaceutical Design Subject Index to Volume 2
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Cardiovascular & Hematological Agents The Research Progress of DPP-4 Inhibitors
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry