Abstract
Toll-like receptor (TLR) 9 recognizes synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) containing unmethylated deoxycytidyl-deoxyguanosine (CpG) motifs and mimics the immunostimulatory activity of bacterial DNA. Both innate and adaptive immune systems are activated through TLR9 signaling and thus its synthetic agonists or inhibitors have potential significance as a target for therapeutic use in immunological disorders. Interestingly, TLR9 found in the dendritic cells and B cells produce differential outcome in response to structurally distinct CpG-ODNs. While one class of CpG-ODN activates B cells and produce immunoglobulin, other can either redirect plasmacytoid dendritic (pDC) cells to secrete high level of IFNα or myeloid dendritic cells (mDC) to produce Th1-like cytokines and chemokines necessary for asthma control. This review focuses on potential use of various synthetic CpG to modify TLR9 signaling for therapeutic treatment of multiple diseases including cancer, asthma, allergy and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
Keywords: Toll-like receptor 9, CpG ODN, Choloquine, cancer, allergy, asthma, SLE and vaccination.
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry
Title: Modifying Toll-like Receptor 9 Signaling for Therapeutic Use
Volume: 6 Issue: 3
Author(s): Rabindra N. Bhattacharjee and Shizuo Akira
Affiliation:
Keywords: Toll-like receptor 9, CpG ODN, Choloquine, cancer, allergy, asthma, SLE and vaccination.
Abstract: Toll-like receptor (TLR) 9 recognizes synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) containing unmethylated deoxycytidyl-deoxyguanosine (CpG) motifs and mimics the immunostimulatory activity of bacterial DNA. Both innate and adaptive immune systems are activated through TLR9 signaling and thus its synthetic agonists or inhibitors have potential significance as a target for therapeutic use in immunological disorders. Interestingly, TLR9 found in the dendritic cells and B cells produce differential outcome in response to structurally distinct CpG-ODNs. While one class of CpG-ODN activates B cells and produce immunoglobulin, other can either redirect plasmacytoid dendritic (pDC) cells to secrete high level of IFNα or myeloid dendritic cells (mDC) to produce Th1-like cytokines and chemokines necessary for asthma control. This review focuses on potential use of various synthetic CpG to modify TLR9 signaling for therapeutic treatment of multiple diseases including cancer, asthma, allergy and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
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Cite this article as:
Bhattacharjee N. Rabindra and Akira Shizuo, Modifying Toll-like Receptor 9 Signaling for Therapeutic Use, Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 2006; 6 (3) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138955706776073411
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/138955706776073411 |
Print ISSN 1389-5575 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1875-5607 |
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