Abstract
Obesity is associated with an exacerbated synthesis and secretion of several molecules, which culminates in chronic low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance. Such conditions affect molecular and physiological responses of several organs and, if not resolved, predispose the obese patients to other diseases such as Type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, cancer, neural injuries, and cognitive impairments. A microenvironment with an excess of pro-inflammatory cytokines released by different cells, including immune and adipose cells lead to metabolic and non-metabolic diseases during obesity. In this context, the role of neuronal guidance cues named netrin, semaphorin and ephrin is novel. Specifically, the available literature indicates that besides their classic role as molecules that guide the axon to its target site, the neuronal guidance cues exhibit immunomodulatory functions from adipose tissue to the neural environment. In the current narrative review, we discuss the participation of the neuronal guidance cues on the physiology and pathophysiology of obesity. We also discuss the feedback loop of obesity on the netrin, semaphorin and ephrin functions that impair the structure and function of the brain. The integrative view of the neuronal guidance cues can be relevant in designing new treatments focus on attenuating metabolic and immune disorders in obese patients and reduce the risk of acquiring diseases such as Type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, cancer, and neural injuries.
Keywords: Cell adhesion, cell migration, UNC5B, neuropilins, Eph receptors, hippocampus.
Current Pharmaceutical Design
Title:Role of Neuronal Guidance Cues in the Pathophysiology of Obesity: A Peripheral and Central Overview
Volume: 27 Issue: 21
Author(s): Daniela S. Inoue*, Mohammad F. Bin Maideen, Alberto Jiménez-Maldonado and Fábio S. Lira*
Affiliation:
- Post-Graduation Program in Movement Sciences, Department of Physical Education, State University (Unesp), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente, 19060-900, São Paulo,Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Movement Sciences, Department of Physical Education, State University (Unesp), School of Technology and Sciences, Presidente Prudente, 19060-900, São Paulo,Brazil
Keywords: Cell adhesion, cell migration, UNC5B, neuropilins, Eph receptors, hippocampus.
Abstract: Obesity is associated with an exacerbated synthesis and secretion of several molecules, which culminates in chronic low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance. Such conditions affect molecular and physiological responses of several organs and, if not resolved, predispose the obese patients to other diseases such as Type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, cancer, neural injuries, and cognitive impairments. A microenvironment with an excess of pro-inflammatory cytokines released by different cells, including immune and adipose cells lead to metabolic and non-metabolic diseases during obesity. In this context, the role of neuronal guidance cues named netrin, semaphorin and ephrin is novel. Specifically, the available literature indicates that besides their classic role as molecules that guide the axon to its target site, the neuronal guidance cues exhibit immunomodulatory functions from adipose tissue to the neural environment. In the current narrative review, we discuss the participation of the neuronal guidance cues on the physiology and pathophysiology of obesity. We also discuss the feedback loop of obesity on the netrin, semaphorin and ephrin functions that impair the structure and function of the brain. The integrative view of the neuronal guidance cues can be relevant in designing new treatments focus on attenuating metabolic and immune disorders in obese patients and reduce the risk of acquiring diseases such as Type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, cancer, and neural injuries.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Inoue S. Daniela *, Bin Maideen F. Mohammad , Jiménez-Maldonado Alberto and Lira S. Fábio *, Role of Neuronal Guidance Cues in the Pathophysiology of Obesity: A Peripheral and Central Overview, Current Pharmaceutical Design 2021; 27 (21) . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612824666210316094659
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612824666210316094659 |
Print ISSN 1381-6128 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 1873-4286 |
Call for Papers in Thematic Issues
"Tuberculosis Prevention, Diagnosis and Drug Discovery"
The Nobel Prize-winning discoveries of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and streptomycin have enabled an appropriate diagnosis and an effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Since then, many newer diagnosis methods and drugs have been saving millions of lives. Despite advances in the past, TB is still a leading cause of infectious disease mortality ...read more
Current Pharmaceutical challenges in the treatment and diagnosis of neurological dysfunctions
Neurological dysfunctions (MND, ALS, MS, PD, AD, HD, ALS, Autism, OCD etc..) present significant challenges in both diagnosis and treatment, often necessitating innovative approaches and therapeutic interventions. This thematic issue aims to explore the current pharmaceutical landscape surrounding neurological disorders, shedding light on the challenges faced by researchers, clinicians, and ...read more
Emerging and re-emerging diseases
Faced with a possible endemic situation of COVID-19, the world has experienced two important phenomena, the emergence of new infectious diseases and/or the resurgence of previously eradicated infectious diseases. Furthermore, the geographic distribution of such diseases has also undergone changes. This context, in turn, may have a strong relationship with ...read more
Melanoma and Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer Treatment: Standard of Care and Recent Advances
In this thematic issue, we aim to provide a standard of care of the diagnosis and treatment of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancer. The editor will invite authors from different countries who will write review articles of melanoma and non-melanoma skin cancers. The Diagnosis, Staging, Surgical Treatment, Non-Surgical Treatment all ...read more
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Expression Microarray Proteomics and the Search for Cancer Biomarkers
Current Genomics Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Its Receptor as Drug Targets in Hematological Malignancies
Current Drug Targets Antineoplastic Activity of Monocrotaline Against Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Cardiotoxicity of Molecularly Targeted Agents
Current Cardiology Reviews Farnesylated Proteins as Anticancer Drug Targets: From Laboratory to the Clinic
Current Medicinal Chemistry - Anti-Cancer Agents Random Walks on Biomedical Networks
Current Proteomics Nutraceuticals for Promoting Longevity
Current Nutraceuticals Spermine Metabolism and Anticancer Therapy
Current Cancer Drug Targets Notch Signaling Proteins: Legitimate Targets for Cancer Therapy
Current Protein & Peptide Science Colon Cancer Therapy: Recent Developments in Nanomedicine to Improve the Efficacy of Conventional Chemotherapeutic Drugs
Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry Cdc42 Signaling Pathway Inhibition as a Therapeutic Target in Ras- Related Cancers
Current Medicinal Chemistry Application of Radiolabeled Antibodies in Targeting Therapy of Breast Cancer
Current Molecular Imaging (Discontinued) Targeted Liposomal Drug Delivery in Cancer
Current Pharmaceutical Design Proteasome Inhibitors in Cancer Therapy
Current Drug Targets A Combined Approach with Rituximab Plus Anti-TRAIL-R Agonistic Antibodies for the Treatment of Haematological Malignancies
Current Pharmaceutical Design Physiology, Pharmacology and Pathophysiology of the pH Regulatory Transport Proteins NHE1 and NBCn1: Similarities, Differences, and Implications for Cancer Therapy
Current Pharmaceutical Design NUPR1 Interacts with p53, Transcriptionally Regulates p21 and Rescues Breast Epithelial Cells from Doxorubicin-Induced Genotoxic Stress
Current Cancer Drug Targets The Adenosine A2b Receptor: Its Role in Inflammation
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Multifunctional Anti-Cancer Nano-Platforms are Moving to Clinical Trials
Current Drug Metabolism Ontologies of Drug Discovery and Design for Neurology, Cardiology and Oncology
Current Pharmaceutical Design