Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndromecoronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a contagious pathogen responsible for the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The pathogenesis and immunological responses of SARS-CoV-2 infection are poorly understood until now. Once a person gets infected by SARS-COV-2, both innate and adaptive immunity gets compromised, which further plays an important role in making the disease more severe. The host's innate immune system forms the first layer of defense for protection from viral infections and initiates activation of the adaptive immune system in order to give maximum protection. The respiratory tract maintains the balance of T cell, B cell pro- and anti-inflammatory responses in order to protect the tissue from damage and diseases. In this review, the current updates related to the involvement of the immune system in the antiviral defense against SARS-CoV-2 have been discussed. These novel insights within the immunological response in the respiratory tract would support the future development of vaccines and immunoregulatory therapy for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, T cell, B cell, immunological response, innate immunity, respiratory tract.
Coronaviruses
Title:Immunological Response of the Respiratory Tract in the SARS-CoV-2 Infection
Volume: 2 Issue: 9
Author(s): Sanjiv Singh*, Punita Aggarwal and Velayutham Ravichandiran
Affiliation:
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Export Promotion Industrial Park (EPIP) Zandaha Road, Hajipur, Bihar,India
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, T cell, B cell, immunological response, innate immunity, respiratory tract.
Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndromecoronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a contagious pathogen responsible for the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The pathogenesis and immunological responses of SARS-CoV-2 infection are poorly understood until now. Once a person gets infected by SARS-COV-2, both innate and adaptive immunity gets compromised, which further plays an important role in making the disease more severe. The host's innate immune system forms the first layer of defense for protection from viral infections and initiates activation of the adaptive immune system in order to give maximum protection. The respiratory tract maintains the balance of T cell, B cell pro- and anti-inflammatory responses in order to protect the tissue from damage and diseases. In this review, the current updates related to the involvement of the immune system in the antiviral defense against SARS-CoV-2 have been discussed. These novel insights within the immunological response in the respiratory tract would support the future development of vaccines and immunoregulatory therapy for SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Export Options
About this article
Cite this article as:
Singh Sanjiv *, Aggarwal Punita and Ravichandiran Velayutham , Immunological Response of the Respiratory Tract in the SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Coronaviruses 2021; 2 (9) : e020721191471 . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2666796702666210216143545
DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2666796702666210216143545 |
Print ISSN 2666-7967 |
Publisher Name Bentham Science Publisher |
Online ISSN 2666-7975 |
- Author Guidelines
- Graphical Abstracts
- Fabricating and Stating False Information
- Research Misconduct
- Post Publication Discussions and Corrections
- Publishing Ethics and Rectitude
- Increase Visibility of Your Article
- Archiving Policies
- Peer Review Workflow
- Order Your Article Before Print
- Promote Your Article
- Manuscript Transfer Facility
- Editorial Policies
- Allegations from Whistleblowers
- Announcements
Related Articles
-
Health Benefits, Therapeutic Applications, and Recent Advances of
Cirsilineol in the Medicine: Potential Bioactive Natural Flavonoids of Genus
<i>Artemisia</i>
Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets Targeting the AKT Pathway in Glioblastoma
Current Pharmaceutical Design Neutrophil Proteome: Lessons from Different Standpoints
Protein & Peptide Letters Membrane Tyrosine Kinase Receptors Kit and FLT3 are an Important Targets for the Therapy of Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Current Cancer Therapy Reviews Prescription Patterns and Compliance with Antimicrobial Stewardship Team Recommendations Among Physicians in a Private Hospital in United Arab Emirates
New Emirates Medical Journal Synthesis of Thiazole, Thiophene, Pyran and Pyridine Derivatives Derived from 3-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5(4H)-one with Anti-proliferative, Tyrosine Kinase and PIM-1 Kinase Inhibitions
Letters in Drug Design & Discovery The Asymmetric Pictet – Spengler Reaction
Current Organic Synthesis Plant Antimicrobial Peptides: An Overview of SuperSAGE Transcriptional Profile and a Functional Review
Current Protein & Peptide Science A Comparative Insight on the Newly Emerging Rifamycins: Rifametane, Rifalazil, TNP-2092 and TNP-2198
Current Medicinal Chemistry <i>In vitro</i>, <i>In vivo</i> and <i>In silico</i> Antihyperglycemic Activity of Some Semi-Synthetic Phytol Derivatives
Medicinal Chemistry Non-Genotoxic p53-Activators and their Significance as Antitumor Therapy of Future
Current Medicinal Chemistry Patent Selections:
Recent Patents on Anti-Infective Drug Discovery Clinical Aspects of Melatonin in the Acute Coronary Syndrome
Current Vascular Pharmacology Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase (Nampt): A Link Between NAD Biology, Metabolism, and Diseases
Current Pharmaceutical Design Histamine H3 Receptor Agonists
Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry Editorial [Hot Topic: NMDA Receptors as Targets in Medicinal Chemistry (Guest Editor: Dr. William Metz)]
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus: Strategies to Combat with an Emerging Threat to Human
Current Bioinformatics Rediscovery of Caffeine: An Excellent Drug for Improving Patient Outcomes while Fighting WARS
Current Medicinal Chemistry The Pilot Phase of the NIH Chemical Genomics Center
Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry Overview of Chemistry and Therapeutic Potential of Non-Nitrogen Heterocyclics as Anticonvulsant Agents
Current Neuropharmacology