Pre- and Post-Conditioning of the Heart: An Overview of Cardioprotective Signaling Pathways

Denise    Coutinho    de Miranda; Gabriela       de Oliveira Faria; Milla    Marques    Hermidorff; Fernanda    Cacilda    dos Santos Silva; Leonardo    Vinícius Monteiro    de Assis; Mauro    César    Isoldi
Abstract

Since the discovery of ischemic pre- and post-conditioning, more than 30 years ago, the knowledge about the mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in these processes has significantly increased. In clinical practice, on the other hand, such advancement has yet to be seen. This article provides an overview of ischemic pre-, post-, remote, and pharmacological conditioning related to the heart. In addition, we reviewed the cardioprotective signaling pathways and therapeutic agents involved in the above-mentioned processes, aiming to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the advancements in the field. The advancements made over the last decades cannot be ignored and with the exponential growth in techniques and applications. The future of pre- and post-conditioning is promising.
Keywords: Heart, ischemic pre-conditioning, ischemic post-conditioning, pre-pharmacological conditioning, postpharmacological conditioning, remote pre-conditioning, cardioprotective signaling pathway, cardioprotective drugs.
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DOI https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570161119666201120160619	Print ISSN 1570-1611
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Current Vascular Pharmacology

Pre- and Post-Conditioning of the Heart: An Overview of Cardioprotective Signaling Pathways

Abstract

Graphical Abstract

Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases: Mechanisms, Diagnosis and Therapy

TREATMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN CHRONIC AND END STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE

Current Vascular Pharmacology

Pre- and Post-Conditioning of the Heart: An Overview of Cardioprotective Signaling Pathways

Abstract

Graphical Abstract

Call for Papers in Thematic Issues

Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases: Mechanisms, Diagnosis and Therapy

TREATMENT OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN CHRONIC AND END STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE

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