Abstract
The present review presents the most commonplace vegetable-based feedstock for biodiesel production. It focuses on biodiesel production with an emphasis on the most recent studies and innovations. Transesterification of plant oil or animal fat is the most common process for the production of biodiesel. Several techniques are utilized for this transesterification reaction, such as batch processes, ultrasonic, microwave and other methods. Many conditions are usually studied, including temperature, pressure, solvent and catalysis. Furthermore, we aim to provide an investigation of the different processes and technologies applicable to the production of second-generation biodiesel, with special attention paid to the development of innovative catalysts as well as new reactor concepts.
Keywords: Biodiesel industry, treatment technologies, transesterification, catalysts, supercritical process, Biofuels.
Graphical Abstract
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