Login Register Cart 0
Generic placeholder image

Current Pharmaceutical Design

Editor-in-Chief

ISSN (Print): 1381-6128
ISSN (Online): 1873-4286

Back
Journal Home About Journal Editorial Board Journal Insight Current Issue Volumes/Issues
Subscribe
Review Article

Diet and Neurocognition in Mood Disorders - An Overview of the Overlooked

Author(s): Vicent Balanzá-Martínez*, Flavio M. Shansis, Amparo Tatay-Manteiga and Pilar López-García

Volume 26, Issue 20, 2020

Page: [2353 - 2362] Pages: 10

DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200318152530

Price: $65

Abstract

Bipolar disorder and major depression are associated with significant disability, morbidity, and reduced life expectancy. People with mood disorders have shown higher ratios of unhealthy lifestyle choices, including poor diet quality and suboptimal nutrition. Diet and nutrition impact on brain /mental health, but cognitive outcomes have been less researched in psychiatric disorders. Neurocognitive dysfunction is a major driver of social dysfunction and a therapeutic target in mood disorders, although effective cognitive-enhancers are currently lacking. This narrative review aimed to assess the potential cognitive benefits of dietary and nutritional interventions in subjects diagnosed with mood disorders. Eight clinical trials with nutrients were identified, whereas none involved dietary interventions. Efficacy to improve select cognitive deficits has been reported, but results are either preliminary or inconsistent. Methodological recommendations for future cognition trials in the field are advanced. Current evidence and future views are discussed from the perspectives of precision medicine, clinical staging, nutritional psychiatry, and the brain-gut-microbiota axis.

Keywords: Depression, bipolar disorder, diet, nutrition, neurocognition, nutritional psychiatry.

« Previous Next »
[1]
Walker ER, McGee RE, Druss BG. Mortality in mental disorders and global disease burden implications: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry 2015; 72(4): 334-41.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.2502] [PMID: 25671328]
[2]
Moreira ALR, Van Meter A, Genzlinger J, Youngstrom EA. Review and meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies of adult bipolar disorder. J Clin Psychiatry 2017; 78(9): e1259-69.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4088/JCP.16r11165] [PMID: 29188905]
[3]
Firth J, Teasdale SB, Allott K, et al. The efficacy and safety of nutrient supplements in the treatment of mental disorders: a meta-review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials. World Psychiatry 2019; 18(3): 308-24.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wps.20672] [PMID: 31496103]
[4]
Merikangas KR, Swendsen J, Hickie IB, et al. Real-time mobile monitoring of the dynamic associations among motor activity, energy, mood, and sleep in adults with bipolar disorder. JAMA Psychiatry 2019; 76(2): 190-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2018.3546] [PMID: 30540352]
[5]
Lopresti AL, Hood SD, Drummond PD. A review of lifestyle factors that contribute to important pathways associated with major depression: diet, sleep and exercise. J Affect Disord 2013; 148(1): 12-27.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2013.01.014] [PMID: 23415826]
[6]
Sylvia LG, Shelton RC, Kemp DE, et al. Medical burden in bipolar disorder: findings from the Clinical and Health Outcomes Initiative in Comparative Effectiveness for Bipolar Disorder study (Bipolar CHOICE). Bipolar Disord 2015; 17(2): 212-23.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bdi.12243] [PMID: 25130321]
[7]
Teasdale SB, Ward PB, Samaras K, et al. Dietary intake of people with severe mental illness: systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry 2019; 214(5): 251-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2019.20] [PMID: 30784395]
[8]
Lopresti AL, Jacka FN. Diet and bipolar disorder: a review of its relationship and potential therapeutic mechanisms of action. J Altern Complement Med 2015; 21(12): 733-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/acm.2015.0125] [PMID: 26348597]
[9]
Lassale C, Batty GD, Baghdadli A, et al. Healthy dietary indices and risk of depressive outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Mol Psychiatry 2019; 24(7): 965-86.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41380-018-0237-8] [PMID: 30254236]
[10]
Sarris J, Logan AC, Akbaraly TN, et al. Nutritional medicine as mainstream in psychiatry. Lancet Psychiatry 2015; 2(3): 271-4.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(14)00051-0] [PMID: 26359904]
[11]
Sarris J, Logan AC, Akbaraly TN, et al. International Society for Nutritional Psychiatry Research consensus position statement: nutritional medicine in modern psychiatry. World Psychiatry 2015; 14(3): 370-1.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wps.20223] [PMID: 26407799]
[12]
Marx W, Moseley G, Berk M, Jacka F. Nutritional psychiatry: the present state of the evidence. Proc Nutr Soc 2017; 76(4): 427-36.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0029665117002026] [PMID: 28942748]
[13]
Jacka FN. Nutritional psychiatry: where to next? EBioMedicine 2017; 17: 24-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.02.020] [PMID: 28242200]
[14]
Kalra EK. Nutraceutical--definition and introduction. AAPS PharmSci 2003; 5(3): E25
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/ps050325] [PMID: 14621960]
[15]
Sarris J, Murphy J, Mischoulon D, et al. Adjunctive nutraceuticals for depression: a systematic review and meta-analyses. Am J Psychiatry 2016; 173(6): 575-87.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2016.15091228] [PMID: 27113121]
[16]
Rakofsky JJ, Dunlop BW. Review of nutritional supplements for the treatment of bipolar depression. Depress Anxiety 2014; 31(5): 379-90.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/da.22220] [PMID: 24353094]
[17]
Martinez-Aran A, Vieta E. Cognition as a target in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2015; 25(2): 151-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2015.01.007] [PMID: 25661911]
[18]
Rock PL, Roiser JP, Riedel WJ, Blackwell AD. Cognitive impairment in depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychol Med 2014; 44(10): 2029-40.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291713002535] [PMID: 24168753]
[19]
Van Rheenen TE, Lewandowski KE, Bauer IE, et al. Current understandings of the trajectory and emerging correlates of cognitive impairment in bipolar disorder: An overview of evidence. Bipolar Disord 2019; 22(1): 13-27.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bdi.12821] [PMID: 31408230]
[20]
Bourne C, Aydemir Ö, Balanzá-Martínez V, et al. Neuropsychological testing of cognitive impairment in euthymic bipolar disorder: an individual patient data meta-analysis. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2013; 128(3): 149-62.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acps.12133] [PMID: 23617548]
[21]
Ahern E, Semkovska M. Cognitive functioning in the first-episode of major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuropsychology 2017; 31(1): 52-72.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/neu0000319] [PMID: 27732039]
[22]
Depp CA, Mausbach BT, Harmell AL, et al. Meta-analysis of the association between cognitive abilities and everyday functioning in bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2012; 14(3): 217-26.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-5618.2012.01011.x] [PMID: 22548895]
[23]
McIntyre RS, Soczynska JZ, Woldeyohannes HO, et al. The impact of cognitive impairment on perceived workforce performance: results from the International Mood Disorders Collaborative Project. Compr Psychiatry 2015; 56: 279-82.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2014.08.051] [PMID: 25439523]
[24]
Cotrena C, Branco LD, Shansis FM, Fonseca RP. Executive function impairments in depression and bipolar disorder: association with functional impairment and quality of life. J Affect Disord 2016; 190: 744-53.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2015.11.007] [PMID: 26606718]
[25]
Cambridge OR, Knight MJ, Mills N, Baune BT. The clinical relationship between cognitive impairment and psychosocial functioning in major depressive disorder: A systematic review. Psychiatry Res 2018; 269: 157-71.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2018.08.033] [PMID: 30149273]
[26]
Dias VV, Balanzá-Martinez V, Soeiro-de-Souza MG, et al. Pharmacological approaches in bipolar disorders and the impact on cognition: a critical overview. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2012; 126(5): 315-31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.2012.01910.x] [PMID: 22881296]
[27]
Mora E, Portella MJ, Forcada I, Vieta E, Mur M. A preliminary longitudinal study on the cognitive and functional outcome of bipolar excellent lithium responders. Compr Psychiatry 2016; 71: 25-32.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2016.07.008] [PMID: 27592139]
[28]
Miskowiak KW, Carvalho AF, Vieta E, Kessing LV. Cognitive enhancement treatments for bipolar disorder: A systematic review and methodological recommendations. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2016; 26(10): 1541-61.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.08.011] [PMID: 27593623]
[29]
Miskowiak KW, Ott CV, Petersen JZ, Kessing LV. Systematic review of randomized controlled trials of candidate treatments for cognitive impairment in depression and methodological challenges in the field. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2016; 26(12): 1845-67.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2016.09.641] [PMID: 27745932]
[30]
Salagre E, Solé B, Tomioka Y, et al. Treatment of neurocognitive symptoms in unipolar depression: A systematic review and future perspectives. J Affect Disord 2017; 221: 205-21.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2017.06.034] [PMID: 28651185]
[31]
Francis H, Stevenson R. The longer-term impacts of Western diet on human cognition and the brain. Appetite 2013; 63: 119-28.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2012.12.018] [PMID: 23291218]
[32]
Freeman LR, Haley-Zitlin V, Rosenberger DS, Granholm AC. Damaging effects of a high-fat diet to the brain and cognition: a review of proposed mechanisms. Nutr Neurosci 2014; 17(6): 241-51.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1476830513Y.0000000092] [PMID: 24192577]
[33]
Berk M, Kapczinski F, Andreazza AC, et al. Pathways underlying neuroprogression in bipolar disorder: focus on inflammation, oxidative stress and neurotrophic factors. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2011; 35(3): 804-17.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.10.001] [PMID: 20934453]
[34]
Berk M, Williams LJ, Jacka FN, et al. So depression is an inflammatory disease, but where does the inflammation come from? BMC Med 2013; 11: 200.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1741-7015-11-200] [PMID: 24228900]
[35]
Poulose SM, Miller MG, Scott T, Shukitt-Hale B. Nutritional factors affecting adult neurogenesis and cognitive function. Adv Nutr 2017; 8(6): 804-11.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/an.117.016261] [PMID: 29141966]
[36]
Francis HM, Stevenson RJ. Potential for diet to prevent and remediate cognitive deficits in neurological disorders. Nutr Rev 2018; 76(3): 204-17.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nutrit/nux073] [PMID: 29346658]
[37]
Phillips C. Lifestyle modulators of neuroplasticity: how physical activity, mental engagement, and diet promote cognitive health during aging. Neural Plast 2017; 2017: 3589271
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/3589271] [PMID: 28695017]
[38]
Livingston G, Sommerlad A, Orgeta V, et al. Dementia prevention, intervention, and care. Lancet 2017; 390(10113): 2673-734.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(17)31363-6] [PMID: 28735855]
[39]
Navarro-Ibarra MJ, Hernández J, Caire-Juvera G. Diet, physical activity and telomere length in adults. Nutr Hosp 2019; 36(6): 1403-17.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.20960/nh.02673] [PMID: 31657606]
[40]
Beyer JL, Payne ME. Nutrition and bipolar depression. Psychiatr Clin North Am 2016; 39(1): 75-86.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psc.2015.10.003] [PMID: 26876319]
[41]
Fusar-Poli L, Surace T, Vanella A, et al. The effect of adjunctive nutraceuticals in bipolar disorder: A systematic review of randomized placebo-controlled trials. J Affect Disord 2019; 252: 334-49.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.039] [PMID: 30999090]
[42]
Dome P, Tombor L, Lazary J, Gonda X, Rihmer Z. Natural health products, dietary minerals and over-the-counter medications as add-on therapies to antidepressants in the treatment of major depressive disorder: a review. Brain Res Bull 2019; 146: 51-78.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.12.015] [PMID: 30599219]
[43]
Firth J, Marx W, Dash S, et al. The effects of dietary improvement on symptoms of depression and anxiety: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Psychosom Med 2019; 81(3): 265-80.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000000673] [PMID: 30720698]
[44]
Bell IR, Edman JS, Morrow FD, et al. Brief communication. Vitamin B1, B2, and B6 augmentation of tricyclic antidepressant treatment in geriatric depression with cognitive dysfunction. J Am Coll Nutr 1992; 11(2): 159-63.
[PMID: 1578091]
[45]
Brown ES, Gorman AR, Hynan LS. A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of citicoline add-on therapy in outpatients with bipolar disorder and cocaine dependence. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2007; 27(5): 498-502.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JCP.0b013e31814db4c4] [PMID: 17873684]
[46]
Brown ES, Gabrielson B. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of citicoline for bipolar and unipolar depression and methamphetamine dependence. J Affect Disord 2012; 143(1-3): 257-60.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2012.05.006] [PMID: 22974472]
[47]
Antypa N, Smelt AH, Strengholt A, Van der Does AJ. Effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on mood and emotional information processing in recovered depressed individuals. J Psychopharmacol (Oxford) 2012; 26(5): 738-43.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881111424928] [PMID: 22004690]
[48]
Dean OM, Bush AI, Copolov DL, et al. Effects of N-acetyl cysteine on cognitive function in bipolar disorder. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2012; 66(6): 514-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1819.2012.02392.x] [PMID: 23066769]
[49]
Levkovitz Y, Alpert JE, Brintz CE, Mischoulon D, Papakostas GI. Effects of S-adenosylmethionine augmentation of serotonin-reuptake inhibitor antidepressants on cognitive symptoms of major depressive disorder. J Affect Disord 2012; 136(3): 1174-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2011.04.059] [PMID: 21911258]
[50]
Hidese S, Ota M, Wakabayashi C, et al. Effects of chronic l-theanine administration in patients with major depressive disorder: an open-label study. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2017; 29(2): 72-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/neu.2016.33] [PMID: 27396868]
[51]
Toniolo RA, Fernandes FBF, Silva M, Dias RDS, Lafer B. Cognitive effects of creatine monohydrate adjunctive therapy in patients with bipolar depression: Results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Affect Disord 2017; 224: 69-75.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2016.11.029] [PMID: 27890303]
[52]
McNamara RK. Evaluation of docosahexaenoic acid deficiency as a preventable risk factor for recurrent affective disorders: current status, future directions, and dietary recommendations. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2009; 81(2-3): 223-31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plefa.2009.05.017] [PMID: 19515544]
[53]
Su KP, Balanzá-Martínez V. Role of Omega-3 fatty acids in mood disorders.The Omega-3 Fatty Acid Deficiency Syndrome: Opportunities for Disease Prevention. New York: Nova Science Publishers. 2013; 315-6.
[54]
Sublette ME, Ellis SP, Geant AL, Mann JJ. Meta-analysis of the effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in clinical trials in depression. J Clin Psychiatry 2011; 72(12): 1577-84.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4088/JCP.10m06634] [PMID: 21939614]
[55]
Guu TW, Mischoulon D, Sarris J, et al. International Society for Nutritional Psychiatry Research practice guidelines for Omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of major depressive disorder. Psychother Psychosom 2019; 88(5): 263-73.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000502652] [PMID: 31480057]
[56]
Balanzá-Martínez V, Fries GR, Colpo GD, et al. Therapeutic use of omega-3 fatty acids in bipolar disorder. Expert Rev Neurother 2011; 11(7): 1029-47.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/ern.11.42] [PMID: 21721919]
[57]
Su KP, Wang SM, Pae CU. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids for major depressive disorder. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2013; 22(12): 1519-34.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/13543784.2013.836487] [PMID: 24083675]
[58]
Ciappolino V, Mazzocchi A, Botturi A, et al. The role of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on cognitive functions in psychiatric disorders. Nutrients 2019; 11(4): E769
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11040769] [PMID: 30986970]
[59]
Rogers PJ, Appleton KM, Kessler D, et al. No effect of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (EPA and DHA) supplementation on depressed mood and cognitive function: a randomised controlled trial. Br J Nutr 2008; 99(2): 421-31.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0007114507801097] [PMID: 17956647]
[60]
Bauer I, Crewther S, Pipingas A, Sellick L, Crewther D. Does omega-3 fatty acid supplementation enhance neural efficiency? A review of the literature. Hum Psychopharmacol 2014; 29(1): 8-18.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hup.2370] [PMID: 24285504]
[61]
Di Stasi D, Bernasconi R, Marchioli R, et al. Early modifications of fatty acid composition in plasma phospholipids, platelets and mononucleates of healthy volunteers after low doses of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2004; 60(3): 183-90.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00228-004-0758-8] [PMID: 15069592]
[62]
Bender A, Hagan KE, Kingston N. The association of folate and depression: A meta-analysis. J Psychiatr Res 2017; 95: 9-18.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.07.019] [PMID: 28759846]
[63]
Roberts E, Carter B, Young AH. Caveat emptor: Folate in unipolar depressive illness, a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Psychopharmacol (Oxford) 2018; 32(4): 377-84.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269881118756060] [PMID: 29442609]
[64]
Petridou ET, Kousoulis AA, Michelakos T, et al. Folate and B12 serum levels in association with depression in the aged: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Aging Ment Health 2016; 20(9): 965-73.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2015.1049115] [PMID: 26055921]
[65]
Varteresian T, Lavretsky H. Natural products and supplements for geriatric depression and cognitive disorders: an evaluation of the research. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2014; 16(8): 456.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11920-014-0456-x] [PMID: 24912606]
[66]
Sharma A, Gerbarg P, Bottiglieri T, et al. S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) for neuropsychiatric disorders: a clinician-oriented review of research. J Clin Psychiatry 2017; 78(6): e656-67.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4088/JCP.16r11113] [PMID: 28682528]
[67]
Sarris J, Byrne GJ, Stough C, et al. Nutraceuticals for major depressive disorder- more is not merrier: An 8-week double-blind, randomised, controlled trial. J Affect Disord 2019; 245: 1007-15.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.11.092] [PMID: 30699842]
[68]
Papakostas GI, Cassiello CF, Iovieno N. Folates and S-adenosylmethionine for major depressive disorder. Can J Psychiatry 2012; 57(7): 406-13.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674371205700703] [PMID: 22762295]
[69]
Papakostas GI, Mischoulon D, Shyu I, Alpert JE, Fava M. S-adenosyl methionine (SAMe) augmentation of serotonin reuptake inhibitors for antidepressant nonresponders with major depressive disorder: a double-blind, randomized clinical trial. Am J Psychiatry 2010; 167(8): 942-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2009.09081198] [PMID: 20595412]
[70]
Samuni Y, Goldstein S, Dean OM, Berk M. The chemistry and biological activities of N-acetylcysteine. Biochim Biophys Acta 2013; 1830(8): 4117-29.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.04.016] [PMID: 23618697]
[71]
Dean O, Giorlando F, Berk M. N-acetylcysteine in psychiatry: current therapeutic evidence and potential mechanisms of action. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2011; 36(2): 78-86.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1503/jpn.100057] [PMID: 21118657]
[72]
Fernandes BS, Dean OM, Dodd S, Malhi GS, Berk M. N-Acetylcysteine in depressive symptoms and functionality: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Psychiatry 2016; 77(4): e457-66.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4088/JCP.15r09984] [PMID: 27137430]
[73]
Skvarc DR, Dean OM, Byrne LK, et al. The effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on human cognition - A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 78: 44-56.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.04.013] [PMID: 28438466]
[74]
Berk M, Copolov DL, Dean O, et al. N-acetyl cysteine for depressive symptoms in bipolar disorder--a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. Biol Psychiatry 2008; 64(6): 468-75.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.04.022] [PMID: 18534556]
[75]
Rapado-Castro M, Dodd S, Bush AI, et al. Cognitive effects of adjunctive N-acetyl cysteine in psychosis. Psychol Med 2017; 47(5): 866-76.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291716002932] [PMID: 27894373]
[76]
Ota M, Wakabayashi C, Sato N, et al. Effect of L-theanine on glutamatergic function in patients with schizophrenia. Acta Neuropsychiatr 2015; 27(5): 291-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/neu.2015.22] [PMID: 25896423]
[77]
Lardner AL. Neurobiological effects of the green tea constituent theanine and its potential role in the treatment of psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Nutr Neurosci 2014; 17(4): 145-55.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1476830513Y.0000000079] [PMID: 23883567]
[78]
Kious BM, Kondo DG, Renshaw PF. Creatine for the treatment of depression. Biomolecules 2019; 9(9): E406
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom9090406] [PMID: 31450809]
[79]
Lyoo IK, Yoon S, Kim TS, et al. A randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial of oral creatine monohydrate augmentation for enhanced response to a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor in women with major depressive disorder. Am J Psychiatry 2012; 169(9): 937-45.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2012.12010009] [PMID: 22864465]
[80]
Toniolo RA, Silva M, Fernandes FBF, Amaral JAMS, Dias RDS, Lafer B. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, proof-of-concept trial of creatine monohydrate as adjunctive treatment for bipolar depression. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2018; 125(2): 247-57.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00702-017-1817-5] [PMID: 29177955]
[81]
Balanzá-Martínez V, Crespo-Facorro B, González-Pinto A, Vieta E. Bipolar disorder comorbid with alcohol use disorder: focus on neurocognitive correlates. Front Physiol 2015; 6: 108.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2015.00108] [PMID: 25904869]
[82]
Bortolato B, Miskowiak KW, Köhler CA, et al. Cognitive remission: a novel objective for the treatment of major depression? BMC Med 2016; 14: 9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12916-016-0560-3] [PMID: 26801406]
[83]
Atique-Ur-Rehman H, Neill JC. Cognitive dysfunction in major depression: From assessment to novel therapies. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 202: 53-71.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.05.013] [PMID: 31173838]
[84]
Miskowiak KW, Burdick KE, Martinez-Aran A, et al. Methodological recommendations for cognition trials in bipolar disorder by the international society for bipolar disorders targeting cognition task force. Bipolar Disord 2017; 19(8): 614-26.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bdi.12534] [PMID: 28895274]
[85]
Van Rheenen TE, Lewandowski KE, Lipschitz JM, Burdick KE. Conducting clinical studies targeting cognition in psychiatry: guiding principles and design. CNS Spectr 2019; 24(1): 16-21.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1092852918001074] [PMID: 30244687]
[86]
Chang JP, Su KP. Nutrition and immunology in mental health: Precision medicine and integrative approaches to address unmet clinical needs in psychiatric treatments. Brain Behav Immun 2019 Sep 27; pii: S0889-1591(19): 31232-2.
[87]
Schumann G, Binder EB, Holte A, et al. Stratified medicine for mental disorders. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2014; 24(1): 5-50.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2013.09.010] [PMID: 24176673]
[88]
Vieta E. [Personalised medicine applied to mental health: Precision psychiatry]. Rev Psiquiatr Salud Ment 2015; 8(3): 117-8.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rpsm.2015.03.003] [PMID: 25959401]
[89]
Tai A, Albuquerque A, Carmona NE, et al. Machine learning and big data: Implications for disease modeling and therapeutic discovery in psychiatry. Artif Intell Med 2019; 99: 101704
[90]
van der Burg KP, Cribb L, Firth J, Karmacoska D, Sarris J. Nutrient and genetic biomarkers of nutraceutical treatment response in mood and psychotic disorders: a systematic review. Nutr Neurosci 2019; 9: 1-17.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1028415X.2019.1625222] [PMID: 31397223]
[91]
Maes M, Carvalho AF. The Compensatory Immune-Regulatory Reflex System (CIRS) in depression and bipolar disorder. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55(12): 8885-903.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12035-018-1016-x] [PMID: 29611101]
[92]
Munkholm K, Braüner JV, Kessing LV, Vinberg M. Cytokines in bipolar disorder vs. healthy control subjects: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Psychiatr Res 2013; 47(9): 1119-33.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2013.05.018] [PMID: 23768870]
[93]
Goldsmith DR, Rapaport MH, Miller BJ. A meta-analysis of blood cytokine network alterations in psychiatric patients: comparisons between schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and depression. Mol Psychiatry 2016; 21(12): 1696-709.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/mp.2016.3] [PMID: 26903267]
[94]
Köhler CA, Freitas TH, Maes M, et al. Peripheral cytokine and chemokine alterations in depression: a meta-analysis of 82 studies. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2017; 135(5): 373-87.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acps.12698] [PMID: 28122130]
[95]
Raison CL. The promise and limitations of anti-inflammatory agents for the treatment of major depressive disorder. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2017; 31: 287-302.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/7854_2016_26] [PMID: 27278642]
[96]
Strawbridge R, Young AH, Cleare AJ. Biomarkers for depression: recent insights, current challenges and future prospects. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2017; 13: 1245-62.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S114542] [PMID: 28546750]
[97]
Su KP, Lai HC, Yang HT, et al. Omega-3 fatty acids in the prevention of interferon-alpha-induced depression: results from a randomized, controlled trial. Biol Psychiatry 2014; 76(7): 559-66.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2014.01.008] [PMID: 24602409]
[98]
Rapaport MH, Nierenberg AA, Schettler PJ, et al. Inflammation as a predictive biomarker for response to omega-3 fatty acids in major depressive disorder: a proof-of-concept study. Mol Psychiatry 2016; 21(1): 71-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/mp.2015.22] [PMID: 25802980]
[99]
Misiak B, Stańczykiewicz B, Kotowicz K, Rybakowski JK, Samochowiec J, Frydecka D. Cytokines and C-reactive protein alterations with respect to cognitive impairment in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: A systematic review. Schizophr Res 2018; 192: 16-29.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2017.04.015] [PMID: 28416092]
[100]
Chakrabarty T, Torres IJ, Bond DJ, Yatham LN. Inflammatory cytokines and cognitive functioning in early-stage bipolar I disorder. J Affect Disord 2019; 245: 679-85.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.11.018] [PMID: 30447566]
[101]
Fourrier C, Singhal G, Baune BT. Neuroinflammation and cognition across psychiatric conditions. CNS Spectr 2019; 24(1): 4-15.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1092852918001499] [PMID: 30714555]
[102]
Burdick KE, Russo M, Frangou S, et al. Empirical evidence for discrete neurocognitive subgroups in bipolar disorder: clinical implications. Psychol Med 2014; 44(14): 3083-96.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291714000439] [PMID: 25065409]
[103]
Cotrena C, Damiani Branco L, Ponsoni A, Milman Shansis F, Paz Fonseca R. Neuropsychological clustering in bipolar and major depressive disorder. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2017; 23(7): 584-93.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1355617717000418] [PMID: 28762320]
[104]
Kapczinski F, Magalhães PV, Balanzá-Martinez V, et al. Staging systems in bipolar disorder: an International Society for Bipolar Disorders Task Force Report. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2014; 130(5): 354-63.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/acps.12305] [PMID: 24961757]
[105]
Salagre E, Dodd S, Aedo A, et al. Toward precision psychiatry in bipolar disorder: Staging 2.0. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9: 641.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00641] [PMID: 30555363]
[106]
Berk M, Berk L, Dodd S, et al. Stage managing bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2014; 16(5): 471-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bdi.12099] [PMID: 23782499]
[107]
Miskowiak KW, Rush AJ Jr, Gerds TA, Vinberg M, Kessing LV. Targeting treatments to improve cognitive function in mood disorder: suggestions from trials using erythropoietin. J Clin Psychiatry 2016; 77(12): e1639-46.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.4088/JCP.15m10480] [PMID: 27835716]
[108]
Rapado-Castro M, Berk M, Venugopal K, Bush AI, Dodd S, Dean OM. Towards stage specific treatments: effects of duration of illness on therapeutic response to adjunctive treatment with N-acetyl cysteine in schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2015; 57: 69-75.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2014.10.002] [PMID: 25315856]
[109]
Tatay-Manteiga A, Correa-Ghisays P, Cauli O, Kapczinski FP, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Balanzá-Martínez V. Staging, neurocognition and social functioning in bipolar disorder. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9: 709.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00709] [PMID: 30618879]
[110]
Hu FB. Dietary pattern analysis: a new direction in nutritional epidemiology. Curr Opin Lipidol 2002; 13(1): 3-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00041433-200202000-00002] [PMID: 11790957]
[111]
Dawson SL, Dash SR, Jacka FN. The importance of diet and gut health to the treatment and prevention of mental disorders. Int Rev Neurobiol 2016; 131: 325-46.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/bs.irn.2016.08.009] [PMID: 27793225]
[112]
Jacka FN, O’Neil A, Opie R, et al. A randomised controlled trial of dietary improvement for adults with major depression (the ‘SMILES’ trial). BMC Med 2017; 15(1): 23.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12916-017-0791-y] [PMID: 28137247]
[113]
Parletta N, Zarnowiecki D, Cho J, et al. A Mediterranean-style dietary intervention supplemented with fish oil improves diet quality and mental health in people with depression: A randomized controlled trial (HELFIMED). Nutr Neurosci 2019; 22(7): 474-87.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1028415X.2017.1411320] [PMID: 29215971]
[114]
Bauer IE, Gálvez JF, Hamilton JE, et al. Lifestyle interventions targeting dietary habits and exercise in bipolar disorder: A systematic review. J Psychiatr Res 2016; 74: 1-7.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.12.006] [PMID: 26724541]
[115]
Sylvia LG, Pegg SL, Dufour SC, et al. Pilot study of a lifestyle intervention for bipolar disorder: Nutrition exercise wellness treatment (NEW Tx). J Affect Disord 2019; 250: 278-83.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2019.03.033] [PMID: 30875669]
[116]
Chia SC, Henry J, Mok YM, Honer WG, Sim K. Fatty acid and vitamin interventions in adults with schizophrenia: a systematic review of the current evidence. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2015; 122(12): 1721-32.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00702-015-1451-z] [PMID: 26354100]
[117]
Firth J, Stubbs B, Sarris J, et al. The effects of vitamin and mineral supplementation on symptoms of schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychol Med 2017; 47(9): 1515-27.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0033291717000022] [PMID: 28202095]
[118]
Sarris J. Clinical use of nutraceuticals in the adjunctive treatment of depression in mood disorders. Australas Psychiatry 2017; 25(4): 369-72.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1039856216689533] [PMID: 28135835]
[119]
Brietzke E, Mansur RB, Subramaniapillai M, et al. Ketogenic diet as a metabolic therapy for mood disorders: Evidence and developments. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 94: 11-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.07.020] [PMID: 30075165]
[120]
Dinan TG, Cryan JF. Brain-gut-microbiota Axis and mental health. Psychosom Med 2017; 79(8): 920-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000000519] [PMID: 28806201]
[121]
Sandhu KV, Sherwin E, Schellekens H, Stanton C, Dinan TG, Cryan JF. Feeding the microbiota-gut-brain axis: diet, microbiome, and neuropsychiatry. Transl Res 2017; 179: 223-44.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trsl.2016.10.002] [PMID: 27832936]
[122]
Komanduri M, Gondalia S, Scholey A, Stough C. The microbiome and cognitive aging: a review of mechanisms. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236(5): 1559-71.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-019-05231-1] [PMID: 31055629]
[123]
Arnoriaga-Rodríguez M, Fernández-Real JM. Microbiota impacts on chronic inflammation and metabolic syndrome - related cognitive dysfunction. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2019; 20(4): 473-80.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11154-019-09537-5] [PMID: 31884557]
[124]
Proctor C, Thiennimitr P, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. Diet, gut microbiota and cognition. Metab Brain Dis 2017; 32(1): 1-17.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11011-016-9917-8] [PMID: 27709426]
[125]
Houser MC, Tansey MG. The gut-brain axis: is intestinal inflammation a silent driver of Parkinson’s disease pathogenesis? NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2017; 3: 3.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41531-016-0002-0] [PMID: 28649603]
[126]
Vamanu E. Complementary functional strategy for modulation of human gut microbiota. Curr Pharm Des 2018; 24(35): 4144-9.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1381612824666181001154242] [PMID: 30277147]
[127]
Agustí A, García-Pardo MP, López-Almela I, et al. Interplay between the gut-brain axis, obesity and cognitive function. Front Neurosci 2018; 12: 155.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2018.00155] [PMID: 29615850]
[128]
Sun Y, Baptista LC, Roberts LM, et al. The gut microbiome as a therapeutic target for cognitive impairment. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019.glz281. [Online ahead of print]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glz281] [PMID: 31811292]
[129]
Dash S, Clarke G, Berk M, Jacka FN. The gut microbiome and diet in psychiatry: focus on depression. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2015; 28(1): 1-6.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0000000000000117] [PMID: 25415497]
[130]
Mörkl S, Wagner-Skacel J, Lahousen T, et al. The role of nutrition and the gut-brain axis in psychiatry: A review of the literature. Neuropsychobiology 2018; 1-9. [Online ahead of print].
[PMID: 30223263]
[131]
Vindegaard N, Speyer H, Nordentoft M, Rasmussen S, Benros ME. Gut microbial changes of patients with psychotic and affective disorders: A systematic review. Schizophr Res 2020; S0920- 9964(19): 30584-5. [Online ahead of print]
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.schres.2019.12.014] [PMID: 31952911]
[132]
Gondalia S, Parkinson L, Stough C, Scholey A. Gut microbiota and bipolar disorder: a review of mechanisms and potential targets for adjunctive therapy. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236(5): 1433-43.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-019-05248-6] [PMID: 31041459]
[133]
Horne R, Foster JA. Metabolic and microbiota measures as peripheral biomarkers in major depressive disorder. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9: 513.
[http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00513] [PMID: 30405455]

Rights & Permissions Print Cite
Article Metrics
38
2
World Health Day
© 2024 Bentham Science Publishers | Privacy Policy